The escalation of commitment has been variously labeled the psychology of entrapment, the sunk cost effect, and the too-much-invested-to-quit syndrome. This article reviews the state of research and describes four major determinants: project; psychological; social; and organizational variables. A model is provided. (YP)

Provides suggestions for student teachers in music education: (1) be on time; (2) be presentable; (3) do not be a shadow; (4) do not wait to be told; (5) manage time effectively; (6) plan relentlessly; (7) heed and implement advice; (8) follow through on your ideas; (9) do not make excuses; and (10) be passionate. (CMK)

Research programs of the human learning and behavior branch of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHHD) are described in five sections of this document. The specific programs conducted in the areas of learning and cognitive development, development of communicative abilities, biological bases of behavioral development,…