Our school career culminates in a set of exam results, but if students want to do well, attending lessons is not enough: the implicit expectation is that all students will reinforce learning independently outside of the classroom. Really effective learners employ effective independent study techniques, but when, how and where do they learn to do…

It is clear that we have to do something in our time concerning global warming yet before we can actually change the world, we must first understand our world. According to Heidegger, technology itself is not good or bad, but the problem is, that technological thinking (calculative thinking) has become the only form of thinking. Heidegger saw that…

Exams, tight deadlines and interpersonal conflicts are just a few examples of the many events that may result in high levels of stress in both students and teachers. Research over the past two decades identified stress and the hormones and neurotransmitters released during and after a stressful event as major modulators of human learning and…

This paper proposes how the theoretical framework of ecological dynamics can provide an influential model of the learner and the learning process to pre-empt effective behaviour changes. Here we argue that ecological dynamics supports a well-established model of the learner ideally suited to the environmental education context because of its…

Foundational studies in decision making focused on behavior as the most accessible and reliable data on which to build theories of choice. More recent work, however, has incorporated neural data to provide insights unavailable from behavior alone. Among other contributions, these studies have validated reinforcement learning models by…

The shift to competency-based education expands the role of the teacher from that of a provider of information and into a shaper of knowledge, skills, and attitudes. These roles are facilitated by establishing a social contract between the instructor and learner, a contract that clearly defines the rights and duties of each. Adopting greater…

Because learned associations are quickly renewed following extinction, the extinction process must include processes other than unlearning. However, reinforcement learning models, such as the temporal difference reinforcement learning (TDRL) model, treat extinction as an unlearning of associated value and are thus unable to capture renewal. TDRL…

The present model outlines the mechanisms underlying habitual control of responding and the ways in which habits interface with goals. Habits emerge from the gradual learning of associations between responses and the features of performance contexts that have historically covaried with them (e.g., physical settings, preceding actions). Once a…

Marine wildlife tours can provide a range of education and conservation benefits for visitors, including emotional (i.e., affective) responses and learning (i.e., cognition). Interpretive programs cover the biology, ecology, and behavior of marine species; best practice guidelines; and human threats to marine areas. The author reviews the…

"COM-MAND" represents the application of behavior modification concepts to the study, management, and control of behavior within a more traditional group therapy context. The emphasis of this system is on behavior, and is predicated on the learning/educational model. The therapist functions merely as an instructor, conducting a variety of…

Noting that maturation, biological reading potential, and a number of parenting strategies can help young children become eager, competent readers, this paper lists the strategies two parents used to facilitate their daughter's reading competence. Thirty strategies are listed, each one accompanied by the appropriate learning principle. Included…

This booklet contains abstracts of projects undertaken through the Hilroy Fellowship Program in Canada for the year 1973. The stated aim of the program is to encourage and reward classroom teachers who are developing new ideas for the improvement of teaching practices. The booklet contains 22 abstracts which cover projects dealing with educational…

Presents an activity in which participants identify organizational situations in which they have tried to influence others and write brief essays discussing the dynamics. Working in pairs they score each other's essays with a form that includes an analysis of the tactics. Provides suggestions for using this design. (Author/RC)

This counselor training program is based on the self-management concept which has been "field-tested", and which focuses upon trainee behaviors and is committed to self-directed change. Program participants were assigned to learning labs of six to eleven students where they worked in triads on a communication skills approach to interpersonal…

This paper presents a model for implementation of behavior therapies in adventure programs that use Group Adventure Initiative Tasks (GAITs) to promote personal development. Behavior therapies include various techniques and processes based in learning and pedagogical theory and used to promote changes in behavioral responses to environmental…