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Priest, Simon – Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership, 2022
Today, outdoor therapies are practiced in many nations around the world, with a broad diversity of philosophies, theories, methods, functions, and formats (Norton et al., 2015). The field of therapy within the outdoors has been much discussed and debated within the experiential profession (Itin, 1998). The disputes and deliberations have centred…
Descriptors: Therapy, Adventure Education, Environment, Forestry
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Piantadosi, Patrick T.; Lieberman, Abby G.; Pickens, Charles L.; Bergstrom, Hadley C.; Holmes, Andrew – Learning & Memory, 2019
Cognitive flexibility refers to various processes which enable behaviors to be modified on the basis of a change in the contingencies between stimuli or responses and their associated outcomes. Reversal learning is a form of cognitive flexibility which measures the ability to adjust responding based on a switch in the stimulus--outcome…
Descriptors: Animals, Cognitive Processes, Behavior Modification, Stimuli
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Shields-Johnson, Maria E.; Hernandez, John S.; Torno, Cody; Adams, Katherine M.; Wainwright, Marcy L.; Mozzachiodi, Riccardo – Learning & Memory, 2013
In "Aplysia," repeated trials of aversive stimuli produce long-term sensitization (LTS) of defensive reflexes and suppression of feeding. Whereas the cellular underpinnings of LTS have been characterized, the mechanisms of feeding suppression remained unknown. Here, we report that LTS training induced a long-term decrease in the excitability of…
Descriptors: Animals, Stimuli, Neurology, Behavior Modification
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McKinney, Cliff; Durr, Brandi – Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 2013
Behavior modification with children has been popularized through television shows such as "Super Nanny" and "Nanny 911". The popularity of these shows may be related to the demand parents have for improving their children's behavior. Interestingly, an approach adopted by "The Dog Whisperer" may prove effective when used with children. The purpose…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Mass Media Effects, Child Rearing, Parenting Styles
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Roberts, William A. – Learning and Motivation, 2012
Evidence concerning the possibility of mental time travel into the future by animals was reviewed. Both experimental laboratory studies and field observations were considered. Paradigms for the study of future anticipation and planning included inhibition of consumption of current food contingent on future receipt of either a larger quantity or…
Descriptors: Evidence, Animals, Schemata (Cognition), Behavior Modification
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Claidiere, Nicolas; Whiten, Andrew – Psychological Bulletin, 2012
Conformity--defined here by the fact that an individual displays a particular behavior because it is the most frequent the individual witnessed in others--has long been recognized by social psychologists as one of the main categories of social influence. Surprisingly, it is only recently that conformity has become an active topic in animal and…
Descriptors: Evolution, Animals, Social Behavior, Psychologists
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Jones, B. M. – Behavior Analyst, 2011
The detection and subsequent removal of land mines and unexploded ordnance (UXO) from many developing countries are slow, expensive, and dangerous tasks, but have the potential to improve the well-being of millions of people. Consequently, those involved with humanitarian mine and UXO clearance are actively searching for new and more efficient…
Descriptors: Research and Development, Behavior Modification, Behavioral Sciences, Animals
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Costanzi, Marco; Cannas, Sara; Saraulli, Daniele; Rossi-Arnaud, Clelia; Cestari, Vincenzo – Learning & Memory, 2011
Long-lasting memories of adverse experiences are essential for individuals' survival but are also involved, in the form of recurrent recollections of the traumatic experience, in the aetiology of anxiety diseases (e.g., post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]). Extinction-based erasure of fear memories has long been pursued as a behavioral way to…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Therapy, Child Abuse, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
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Bihm, Elson M.; Gillaspy, J. Arthur, Jr.; Lammers, William J.; Huffman, Stephanie P. – Psychological Record, 2010
Psychology texts often cite the work of Marian and Keller Breland and their business, Animal Behavior Enterprises (ABE), to demonstrate operant conditioning and the "misbehavior of organisms" from an evolutionary perspective. Now available on the Internet at the official IQ Zoo website (http://www3.uca.edu/iqzoo/), the artifacts of ABE's work, in…
Descriptors: Operant Conditioning, Behavior Modification, Intelligence Quotient, Animal Behavior
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Barrett, James E. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2008
The contributions of Joseph V. Brady to behavioral pharmacology span more than 50 years and range from early studies using the Estes-Skinner ("conditioned emotional response") procedure to examine drug effects and various physiological processes in experimental animals to the implementation of mobile methadone treatment services and to small group…
Descriptors: Pharmacology, Drug Therapy, Behavior Modification, Physiology
Alpi, Kristine M.; Sherman, Barbara L. – Library Journal, 2008
Dogs are indeed people's best friends. A majority of owners report that their dog is a "member of the family," and that acceptable canine behavior and optimal care are high priorities for them. The human-animal bond, the close connection between people and their pets, is forged by positive interactions, but unacceptable canine behaviors that…
Descriptors: Library Services, Animals, Interaction, Library Materials
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Nevin, John A. – Behavior Analyst, 2008
Radical behaviorism considers private events to be a part of ongoing observable behavior and to share the properties of public events. Although private events cannot be measured directly, their roles in overt action can be inferred from mathematical models that relate private responses to external stimuli and reinforcers according to the same…
Descriptors: Animals, Visual Stimuli, Food, Mathematical Models
Wermer, Maaike – Exceptional Parent, 2008
More than 400 children with a physical and/or mental challenge visit the Curacao Dolphin Therapy and Research Center (CDTC) for dolphin-assisted therapy every year. Dolphin therapy appears to be the right approach for many children. With the help of these special and very social animals, it is easier to make contact with the children. It motivates…
Descriptors: Children, Disabilities, Aquatic Sports, Animals
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Bailey, Robert E.; Gillaspy, J. Arthur, Jr. – Behavior Analyst, 2005
Marian and Keller Breland pioneered the application of operant psychology to commercial animal training during the 1940s and 1950s. The Brelands' story is relatively unknown in the history of behavior analysis. Using information from the Breland-Bailey papers, this paper describes the development and activities of Animal Behavior Enterprises…
Descriptors: Psychology, Mass Media Effects, Animal Behavior, Ethology
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Abramson, Charles I.; And Others – Teaching of Psychology, 1996
Describes two new exercises in classical conditioning that use earthworms and houseflies. The animals are available year-round and pose no risk to the students or instructor. The conditioned stimuli are odorants. These elicit a conditioned response of contraction in worms or proboscis extension in flies. (MJP)
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Biology, Classical Conditioning, Demonstrations (Science)
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