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Stephanie Estrera; Hope Sparks Lancaster; Sara A. Hart – Grantee Submission, 2023
This paper examines the genetic ("nature") and environmental ("nurture") influences on why students vary in their reading skills. We review core findings from the field of modern behavioral genetics, a discipline that studies the interplay of genetic and environmental influences, on reading science. Additionally, we provide an…
Descriptors: Genetics, Reading Skills, Nature Nurture Controversy, Skill Development
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Anreiter, Ina; Sokolowski, H. Moriah; Sokolowski, Marla B. – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2018
Individuals of the same species display remarkable variation in behavior, even in identical contexts. Increasing complexity in behavioral phenotypes brings with it an increase in individual variation in the manifestation of those phenotypes, and human behavior undoubtedly stands at the pinnacle of complexity. In this article, we discuss current…
Descriptors: Genetics, Behavior Patterns, Individual Differences, Environmental Influences
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Martschenko, Daphne – Research in Education, 2020
This collection of works builds upon previous scholarship on biosociality and education. The timely contributions in this Special Issue are international in focus and explore the growing interface between the biosocial sciences and education. The issue begins with papers that are more applied in nature and ends on a conceptual note, leaving the…
Descriptors: Social Sciences, Biological Sciences, Correlation, Genetics
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Lester, Barry M.; Conradt, Elisabeth; Marsit, Carmen – Child Development, 2016
Epigenetics provides the opportunity to revolutionize our understanding of the role of genetics and the environment in explaining human behavior, although the use of epigenetics to study human behavior is just beginning. In this introduction, the authors present the basics of epigenetics in a way that is designed to make this exciting field…
Descriptors: Genetics, Child Development, Scientific Research, Behavior Patterns
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Li, Shu-Chen – Developmental Psychology, 2012
Among other mechanisms, behavioral and cognitive development entail, on the one hand, contextual scaffolding and, on the other hand, neuromodulation of adaptive neurocognitive representations across the life span. Key brain networks underlying cognition, emotion, and motivation are innervated by major transmitter systems (e.g., the catecholamines…
Descriptors: Evidence, Motivation, Genetics, Cognitive Development
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Taylor, Eric – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2009
Over the past 50 years the concept of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has developed from the notion of a specific form of brain dysfunction to that of a heterogeneous set of related behaviours. The great advances in genetics, neuroimaging and neuropsychiatry have made it one of the best understood forms of complex mental…
Descriptors: Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorders, Genetics, Intervention
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Chatham, Christopher H.; Herd, Seth A.; Brant, Angela M.; Hazy, Thomas E.; Miyake, Akira; O'Reilly, Randy; Friedman, Naomi P. – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2011
A paradigmatic test of executive control, the n-back task, is known to recruit a widely distributed parietal, frontal, and striatal "executive network," and is thought to require an equally wide array of executive functions. The mapping of functions onto substrates in such a complex task presents a significant challenge to any theoretical…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Task Analysis, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Ogren, Marilee P.; Lombroso, Paul J. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2008
The article highlights the field of epigenetics and its relevance in determining the effects of maternal nurturing on behavioral patterns in offsprings. Results concluded that maternal behavior influences the offspring's behavior to stress in adulthood and the effects are transgenerational through epigenetic mechanisms.
Descriptors: Parent Child Relationship, Genetics, Mothers, Behavior Patterns
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Paladino, Derrick; Minton, Casey A. Barrio – Journal of American College Health, 2008
Whether one knows someone who is thinking of suicide, has attempted suicide, or has completed suicide, nearly all individuals who encounter suicide are affected. The influence and residual affects of suicide are further amplified as the issue reaches across communities such as college or university campuses. College and university staff must…
Descriptors: Campuses, Suicide, Risk, College Students
Papierno, Paul B.; Ceci, Stephen J.; Makel, Matthew C.; Williams, Wendy M. – Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 2005
Despite extensive research, questions underlying the nature and nurture of talent remain both numerous and diverse. In the current paper, we present an account that addresses 2 of the primary questions inspired by this debate: (a) the very existence of innate talents and (b) how exceptional abilities are developed. The development of exceptional…
Descriptors: Nature Nurture Controversy, Talent, Talent Development, Models
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Gibb, Charles; Holliday, Judith – British Journal of Special Education, 1992
This article summarizes the major cognitive, behavioral, and language characteristics of the Fragile X syndrome and considers their educational implications. This common heritable cause of mental disability has implications for teaching style, curriculum, family counseling, and speech therapy. (DB)
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Curriculum Development, Elementary Secondary Education, Family Counseling