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Ackerman, Kera B.; Samudre, Mark; Allday, R. Allan – TEACHING Exceptional Children, 2020
When a student exhibits challenging classroom behaviors that are resistant to traditional classroom management systems, his/her individualized education program (IEP) team conducts a functional behavior assessment (FBA). The FBA process is a series of assessments designed to identify the function of the student's behavior. This is done by…
Descriptors: Token Economy, Behavior Modification, Reinforcement, Student Behavior
Helton, Maria R.; Alber-Morgan, Sheila R. – Young Exceptional Children, 2020
Early elementary inclusive classrooms present teachers with demanding responsibilities. The wide range of student backgrounds, ability levels, and previous school experiences require a well-managed classroom that maximizes instructional time. Teachers reported spending more time addressing disruptive behaviors than they thought they should. One…
Descriptors: Student Behavior, Inclusion, Elementary School Students, Elementary School Teachers
Garcia, Eliana; Hoang, Dana – Online Submission, 2015
The use of positive reinforcement sometimes gets lost in translation because educators forget the importance of acknowledging good behaviors. We instinctively tend to punish and give consequences because we often forget the importance of preventing undesired behaviors from occurring in the first place. More efforts should be spent on maintaining…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Positive Reinforcement, Positive Behavior Supports, Token Economy
Robacker, Cassie M.; Rivera, Christopher J.; Warren, Sandra H. – Intervention in School and Clinic, 2016
Students with behavioral and emotional disabilities spend less time on academic instruction due to their behavioral disruptions, contributing to the academic difficulties these students face. Classroom management strategies, in the form of positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBIS), incorporate principles of applied behavior analysis to…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Positive Reinforcement, Positive Behavior Supports, Token Economy
DuPaul, George J.; Weyandt, Lisa L.; Janusis, Grace M. – Theory Into Practice, 2011
School-related difficulties are commonly associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This article describes effective school-based intervention strategies including behavioral interventions, modifications to academic instruction, and home-school communication programs. One overlooked aspect of treatment of children with ADHD…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, School Psychologists, Academic Achievement, Ancillary School Services
Wood, Heather J. – Perspectives for Teachers of the Hearing Impaired, 1986
A behavior management program which uses play money to motivate students and reinforce appropriate behavior helps elementary school students (including disabled students) develop responsibility for their behavior. All students in the class participate and are allowed to buy items from the class store with money earned. (CB)
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Classroom Techniques, Disabilities

Thompson, Charles L.; Fairchild, Tom – Elementary School Guidance and Counseling, 1985
Presents a workable plan for all counselors who wish to establish cooperation and collaboration between parents and teachers concerning children's problems that involve achievement and misbehavior. A basic outline of how to implement a home-school token economy plan is presented with two case examples illustrating its use and effectiveness.…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Case Studies, Children

Lyon, Carla S.; Lagarde, Renee – TEACHING Exceptional Children, 1997
Describes the Graduated Reinforcement System, a simplifed token system that involves establishing a partnership with parents and students, identifying target behaviors, planning for record keeping, tallying daily/weekly points, designating the graduated reinforcement criteria, determining reinforcers for the three levels, awarding the reinforcer,…
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Classroom Techniques, Elementary Secondary Education
Buchanan, Pat S.; Scobie, Robert P. – Academic Therapy, 1988
A program was developed for a 14-year-old learning disabled student with severe discipline and absenteeism problems who was enrolled in a rural elementary school. He successfully earned points toward rewards for appropriate behavior while working in the mainstream classes, in the resource room, with younger children, and in the office. (VW)
Descriptors: Attendance, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Case Studies

Adair, James G.; Schneider, Jack L. – Teaching Exceptional Children, 1993
A point system was developed to reinforce appropriate study habits and behaviors of secondary students with learning disabilities and behavior disorders. The system functioned as a bank, with students depositing their points and earning weekly interest on points saved. Students could also use points to conduct financial transactions at the…
Descriptors: Banking, Behavior Disorders, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems
Metcalf, Faith; Feldman, David – 1982
Joint teacher and student development of a contingency management plan to help control disruptive behavior was explored with a class of 13 mildly mentally retarded elementary school children after several less extensive teacher directed contingencies were unsuccessful. All students in the self contained classroom had extensive school histories of…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Classroom Techniques, Contingency Management, Elementary Education
Jenkin, Jean – Behaviour Problems Bulletin, 1988
Outlined are behavior management strategies for emotionally disturbed students who are partially mainstreamed. Appropriate behavior outside the classroom earns the child stamps. Inappropriate behavior inside the classroom results in warnings, penalty points, and time-out. On-task behavior is also rewarded with stamps, which may be accumulated for…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Classroom Techniques, Contingency Management
Stover, Karen – 1994
This paper reports on the application of a token economy approach to increase on-task behavior and decrease inappropriate "call-outs" of nine seventh and eighth grade Caucasian male students in a self-containted emotional support classroom. The program included a behavioral contract, token economy "bucks" kept in a classroom bank, and a list of 12…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Classroom Techniques, Contingency Management