The Houston Independent School District (HISD) offers two main ESL programs for students whose native language is not English and who need to develop and enhance their English language skills (emergent bilinguals or EBs). The Content-Based ESL model (CB-ESL) consists of an intensive program of English instruction in all subject areas with…

This executive summary report summarizes the academic performance of students in the Austin Independent School District's bilingual and English as a second language programs during 2018-2019. Students' advanced placement course performance, state academic tests (STAAR and EOC) performance, as well as graduation and dropout rates are summarized. A…

This executive summary report highlights the bilingual and English as a second language programs student academic performance during 2017-2018. Students' advanced placement course performance, state academic test performance, and graduation and dropout rates are summarized. A separate full report also was published. [For the full report, see…

This report summarizes Austin Independent School District's English language learner students' 2015 state academic test (STAAR) reading, writing, and science results (grades 3-5) and state English language proficiency test (TELPAS) results (kindergarten through grade 5).

This report summarizes the Austin Independent School District bilingual and English as a second language programs students' academic performance during 2017-2018. Students' advanced placement course performance, state academic tests (STAAR and EOC) performance, and graduation and dropout rates are summarized. [For the Executive Summary, see…

Many of the actions of Colombia's National Programme for the Development of Foreign Languages (Programa Nacional de Desarrollo de Lenguas Extranjeras--PNDLE) have been carried out in elementary and secondary education, but there is not much information about its impact in institutions of higher education. The aim of this article is to present the…

Teaching content through a foreign language presents students with the double challenge of having to understand new concepts and of doing so through a foreign language. To be successful in meeting this challenge teachers have to adapt their teaching style and the tasks they work on with their students. Often, however, they do not know how to do…

This report describes four urban elementary schools in Massachusetts that provide integrated two-way bilingual education to linguistic minority and majority students. Properly designed and implemented, two-way bilingual programs offer a language-rich environment with high expectations for every student in a climate of cross-cultural respect.…

This paper describes a project undertaken by the Free Kindergarten Association-Multicultural Resource Centre in Victoria, Australia, to develop policies, models, and strategies for establishing and maintaining bilingual programs in preschool or child care centers, either as full bilingual programs or as bilingual perspectives in other programs.…

Existing programs using language immersion strategies for teaching language-minority children in the United States are described. In those programs, instruction is conducted in English at a level understood by the limited-English-speaking students, the teacher is bilingual in the non-English home language, the teacher generally speaks only in…

Bilingualism as an individual and societal phenomenon can be examined from linguistic, psychological, and sociocultural perspectives. Bilingual education often links language and ethnicity, resulting in diversified curriculum goals. This book explores various dimensions of language and bilingual schooling which affect the education of…

A recently developed primary school German immersion program for a German community is described and its development from Canadian examples is discussed. The program is a composite of immersion, bilingual, and second language models. Early reaction is highly favorable, although the program will not be fully evaluated for a few years. (MSE)

A national survey investigated the extent and design of programs in which content instruction is combined with instruction in English as a Second Language (content-ESL). Findings are summarized here. Is was found that about 15 percent of all public schools, and all states, have such programs, with heaviest concentration in the south and southwest…

This booklet charts models and organizational designs for existing bilingual/English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) programs in New York City. The objective is to present design options for districts expanding bilingual/ESL services to special education, under city policy. An introductory section gives background on program mandates, models,…

This discussion of bilingual education in the United States begins with a review of the historical and political context in which it has evolved since the late 1800s. Policy issues and some research are examined here. It then outlines the theoretical and conceptual debate, focusing on four major theoretical frameworks used to justify bilingual…