The neurocognitive mechanisms underlying prevalent learning disorders, such as dyslexia, dyscalculia, and their comorbidity, remain unclear and are the subject of ongoing debate. The core-deficit hypothesis has long been the dominant theory explaining these mechanisms across various learning disorders. However, this hypothesis faces criticism for…

Dyslexia is a learning disability that significantly hinders students' abilities to read and comprehend educational materials, posing a substantial challenge within educational environments. This paper introduces an innovative educational system, ReadSmart, that integrates both Augmented Reality (AR) and Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI)…

To learn to read, the brain must repurpose neural systems for oral language and visual processing to mediate written language. We begin with a description of computational models for how alphabetic written language is processed. Next, we explain the roles of a dorsal sublexical system in the brain that relates print and speech, a ventral lexical…