A community water supply project in Cameroon illustrates the following constraints on community participation in development: paternalistic authorities, prescriptive role of the state, selective participation, bias toward "hard" issues, inattention to negative results, group conflicts, gatekeeping, pressure for immediate results,…

Presented is an overview of the development of planning education at the undergraduate, graduate, and professional levels in Africa. Future needs include greater program flexibility and more help for developing countries to establish their own planning education programs. (WB)

A college instructor discusses his experiences in leading a student field study and planning project centered on the traditional rural African Market. Students benefitted from their work, but the instructor was unable to convince his colleagues about the project's validity. (Author/WB)

Presents a framework for formulating urbanization policies and discusses the application of this paradigm in the context of Islamic ideology. Operationalization of the framework is developed as a five-step sequence. (Author/WB)

Addressed are various concerns regarding the education of Muslim planners. Areas discussed include the planner's changing role, the role of the university, the professional nature of planning education, course content, and the need for continuous learning. (WB)

Discusses the content, objectives, and varied approaches to college-level planning education for planners in developing nations. Suggestions for improving planning education programs are offered. (WB)

Servol (Service Volunteered for All) is a voluntary organization in Trinidad and Tobago with a staff of some 90 people engaged in a wide range of activities grouped in seven Life Centers and a periphery of 13 nursery schools, as well as family farm units in a rural area. From a modest start in late 1970, Servol has grown steadily during its first…