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Miroslaw Pawlak – Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 2024
Despite undeniable advances in research on language learning strategies in the last several decades, empirical investigations of actions and thoughts that learners engage in to better understand and use grammar structures in different contexts, or grammar learning strategies (GLS), remain scarce. Moreover, there is a paucity of studies examining…
Descriptors: Grammar, Learning Strategies, Intervention, Definitions
Joseph Gagen Stockdale III – Online Submission, 2025
"A Dictionary of Contemporary Figurative Language" is meant to be an appendix to an earlier, more comprehensive work: ED648945, "A Dictionary and Thesaurus of Contemporary Figurative Language and Metaphor 2024." This appendix simply updates the dictionary of that previous work to better reflect the language used during the 2024…
Descriptors: Figurative Language, Language Usage, Dictionaries, Phrase Structure
Burton, Graham – ELT Journal, 2022
The commonly used categorical system for conditionals (zero, first, second, and third) has been repeatedly demonstrated to be inadequate because it is unable to account for many conditional types attested in actual usage. ELT coursebooks and pedagogic grammars are criticized for ignoring the evidence and persisting with its use, but the reality…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Course Descriptions
Al-Mutairi, Mohammad A. – English Language Teaching, 2020
This paper attempts to examine in a descriptive way the pioneering model of "World Englishes" proposed by Kachru in the mid-1980s that allocates the presence of English into three concentric circles: The "Inner" Circle, the "Outer" Circle, and the "Expanding" Circle. The Inner Circle presents the countries…
Descriptors: Language Variation, English (Second Language), Linguistic Theory, Second Language Learning
Richards, Jack C.; Pun, Jack – RELC Journal: A Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 2023
The use of English to teach content subjects has been a growing trend in many parts of the world. It is labelled in a variety of ways, such as content-based learning, content and language integrated learning, immersion education, theme-based language teaching, and bilingual education, but it is referred to in this paper as English-medium…
Descriptors: Classification, Language of Instruction, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Lopez, Elaine; Sabir, Mona – RELC Journal: A Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 2019
It is two decades since Master (1997) published a framework for second language (L2) article pedagogy, based on several years of research into the acquisition of the English article system. Among his recommendations were a focus on intermediate level learners and a simplification of the rules presented to language learners. Since then, substantial…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Theory Practice Relationship, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Briceño, Allison; Bergey, Rebecca – Journal of Leadership, Equity, and Research, 2022
This essay explores a variety of ways California's English Learner (EL) Roadmap can be used as a tool to make significant and transformative changes to provide meaningful learning opportunities for students classified as English Learners. The EL Roadmap contains 4 principles: (1) Asset-oriented and needs-responsive schools; (2) Intellectual…
Descriptors: English Language Learners, Equal Education, Classification, Educational Opportunities
Lu, Licheng – English Language Teaching, 2019
Based on Jenny Thomas's dichotomous classification of pragmatic failure, this study proposes a new perspective and classifies pragmatic failure in interpretation into three categories: pragma-linguistic failure, socio-pragmatic failure and malaprop-pragmatic failure. Specific examples are given to illustrate the causes and effects of each category…
Descriptors: Pragmatics, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Wang, Changyou; Wang, Haiyang; Luan, Xinhua – English Language Teaching, 2020
Current research on the medical English curriculum system is in an unsystematic state. According to the modular teaching theory and ESP classification, especially Hutchinson & Waters's (1986) and Jordan's (1997) categories, three modules of medical English curriculum system are put forward for non-English speaking countries to cultivate their…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language), Intercultural Communication
Hill, Laura – Public Policy Institute of California, 2018
In total, more than 40 percent of the students in California's public schools speak a language other than English at home. In the 2016-17 school year, 21 percent (or more than 1.3 million) of all students were English Learners (ELs). When students who were formerly English Learners are added in, the population of "ever ELs" expands to 38…
Descriptors: Public Schools, English Language Learners, Elementary Secondary Education, Student Characteristics
Regional Educational Laboratory Northwest, 2021
In Alaska, where Alaska Native students constitute the largest racial/ethnic group of English learner (EL) students, it is an open question whether and how EL policies and services meet the unique needs of Indigenous EL students. A stronger understanding of how Alaska Native students experience EL identification, classification, service provision,…
Descriptors: Alaska Natives, English Language Learners, Language Proficiency, Indigenous Populations
Sugarman, Julie – Migration Policy Institute, 2021
Across the United States, students face increasingly high expectations of what they should know and be able to do upon completing high school. However, too few state policies take into consideration how the pathway to graduation may look different for English Learners (ELs), particularly adolescent newcomers who have limited formal education. Many…
Descriptors: English Language Learners, Educational Improvement, Academic Achievement, Achievement Gap
Ijioma, Ngozi Patricia; Ezeafulukwe, Olivia – African Educational Research Journal, 2015
Translating a text from one language to another poses problems to the translator. The task becomes more enormous when translating from a well developed language to a developing one. It even becomes more complex when dealing with a technical text. While the English language belongs to the Anglo-Saxon group, Igbo language belongs to the Congo Basin.…
Descriptors: African Languages, Translation, Second Languages, Languages for Special Purposes
Regional Educational Laboratory Southwest, 2022
This Study Snapshot highlights findings from a study that was conducted to better understand progress toward English proficiency among American Indian English learner students. The study examined two statewide cohorts of American Indian students identified as English learner students at initial kindergarten entry in 2013/14 or 2014/15 in New…
Descriptors: Language Proficiency, American Indian Students, English Language Learners, English (Second Language)
Bazyar, Zahra; Dastpak, Mehdi; Taghinezhad, Ali – Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 2015
A syllabus is a plan showing the subjects or books to be studied in a particular course, especially a course that leads to an exam. There are various syllabuses available for different purposes. This article represents the classification of syllabuses regarding different authors' views and perspectives. The aim of this article, after depicting…
Descriptors: Course Descriptions, Student Needs, Classification, Outcomes of Education