This paper documents the evolution of attempts to codify and standardise teachers' work in England with particular attention to how this phenomenon has impacted the Initial Teacher Education (ITE) sector. In recent decades the teaching profession in England has undergone various iterations of competency criteria, culminating with the current…

Ever since the first ethnographic studies, the question about how people learn in different contexts was an essential element of research. Studies in anthropology of education have increasingly focused on schooling. Nowadays, however, the traditional topic of learning in out-of-school contexts recovers its relevance because the development of…

The task of social scientists is to find ways of investigating and understanding the social, political and economic world1

Our narrative focuses on the middle passage of the slave trade in the West Indies. Herein we describe why more men, women, and children were imported in the West Indies than other islands. Specifically, our aim was to address how slaves in the middle passage of the triangular slave trade were treated, how they sustained themselves, and how they…

This paper provides a study of the evolution of the accounting system in the country of Columbia, South America, in light of the conflict between cultural values, other environmental factors, and the financial information generated. The paper begins with an overview of Colombia's political history as well as its economic and social changes during…

A description is presented of types of information and codes pertaining to graduation statistics of the University Student Information System (USIS), a data base that provides a Canada-wide system of university enrollment statistics. The information for this system is collected on an individual student basis. In 1974 the USIS enrollment statistics…

This study draws on research and programs in Sweden, England, Canada, and the United States to examine communication interaction between a person using a communication aid and a person who is an able-bodied, natural speaker. It primarily addresses the child or adult with normal or near-normal cognitive abilities who uses augmentation and interacts…