This paper provides a detailed account of the development of an instrument to investigate the emerging concept of presence in teaching (PiT) on a larger scale, explaining how the transition from data and findings from qualitative studies to a survey instrument was accomplished. In order to ensure relevance for teachers, the instrument needed to do…

This academic article provides the essential steps for designing an effective English questionnaire in social science research, with a focus on ensuring clarity, cultural sensitivity and ethical integrity. Developed from key insights from related studies, it outlines potential practice in questionnaire design, item development and the importance…

The paper argues that contemporary test validity theory places the consequences of testing on the lives of all college applicants at the back of the test validation argument. It introduces the notion of test efficacy as a process to gather evidence on claims on consequences of testing on all college applicants that can be traced back to validity.…

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming multiple facets of the competitive business world and education. Despite this, the full potential of AI applications within education remains unclear because of the lack of a comprehensive framework on how to use AI in developing assessments across various academic disciplines. While incorporating AI…

India is the second largest higher education network in the world, where the business environment is highly complex and competitive. So, what we need is an element of distinctiveness in our institutions of higher learning. A modification is required in the way these institutions are being run and supervised. A workable solution for managing and…

The present paper appraises a standardized test, the entrance exam of Iranian universities, known as "Konkur" that is administered annually as a means of gaining admission to higher education in Iran. This norm-referenced test is administered for students majoring in mathematics, experimental sciences, and humanities whose scores along…

This article provides a detailed review of the Computer-based English Listening Speaking Test (CELST) used in Guangdong, China, as part of the National Matriculation English Test (NMET) to assess students' English proficiency. The CELST measures listening and speaking skills as outlined in the "English Curriculum for Senior Middle…

Young learners' language aptitude is understudied due to a lack of tests covering this period of life. Young learners, in contrast with adults, are still acquiring their L1. Consequently, a language-dependent aptitude test should be carefully designed for it to be valid. An additional challenge is found when the young learners who are to take the…

This study suggests a conceptual framework for policy-driven test development and validation, using the Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK) as an example context. By linking the literature on policy analysis and argument structure in the validation of testing, the strong relationships between policy and testing are illustrated. This rationalizes…

The BioMedical Admissions Test (BMAT) has been used to select students for healthcare courses for 15 years. Recently, the candidature has included an increasing number of test takers who did not complete their schooling in the UK. In line with responsibilities to promote widening participation, a revision of the Section 2 Scientific Knowledge and…

Validation of data collection instruments is a necessary step in all research and should be regarded as an integral component in every stage of the research process; however, the validation process is often not accounted for in detail in published studies. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and validation of the Ungspråk…

Was the approach proposed for calculating exam grades in summer 2020 fair? Were the grades eventually awarded (after policy changes) fair? What is a fair arrangement for 2021? These questions have been at the heart of debate in the UK in the light of COVID-19. After schools were closed in the spring of 2020 and the decision was made not to proceed…

In this article we describe the "Learning Environments and Well-Being Research Project," a collaborative initiative between a research institute and a health promotion unit at a leading Canadian university. The purposes of this project are, first, to conduct research about how classroom environments within higher education settings can…

This is a common experience among education researchers: we notice a surprising instructional move enacted by a teacher. After deeper reflection, we ask, "How many other teachers in Singapore do this?" In this paper, we describe an instrument we designed that is part of the resource needed to answer such questions. [This paper is the…

Although there are many methods available for assessing text comprehension, the cloze test is not widely acknowledged as one of them. Critiques on cloze testing center on its supposedly limited ability to measure comprehension beyond the sentence. However, these critiques do not hold for all types of cloze tests; the particular configuration of a…