Formative assessment is considered to be helpful in students' learning support and teaching design. Following Aufschnaiter's and Alonzo's framework, formative assessment practices of teachers can be subdivided into three practices: eliciting evidence, interpreting evidence and responding. Since students' conceptions are judged to be important for…

Health professions education is in the midst of a radical transformation from traditional lecture-based teaching to competency-based learning. This requires an equally radical transformation in the way we assess student learning and achievement of competencies. Comprehensive Learner Record (CLR) addresses this need, enabling metacognitive learning…

The four approaches of engaging in formative assessment, deeper learning, culturally responsive and sustaining education, and personalized learning share a common aspirational commitment--to provide student learning experiences rooted in: (1) developing identity; (2) prioritizing learner agency; (3) educating for equity; and (4) honoring and…

Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, students' right to education has been threatened globally, and medical colleges are not an exception to this. During COVID-19 induced lockdown, medical colleges had to resort to online classes instead of regular academic sessions. Medical colleges and other higher education institutions in India…

Problem-based learning (PBL) is a type of active learning modality involving a student-centered approach that encompasses small group settings in order to promote learning via critical thinking and discussion as opposed to via direct presentation of facts and concepts. Through PBL, students engage actively in their learning. Facilitated PBL…

An important element of the classroom assessment event and student performance occurs when students are wrong, which is often denigrated in our success-oriented secondary schools where only being right is valued and reinforced. This article argues that being wrong (sometimes) is an essential experience that enhances learning and motivation.…

Appreciating that a significant amount of assessment-related literature has focused on the 'what' of assessment (i.e. what to assess), 'the systematic use of assessment to improve learning remains the exception rather than the rule' [Wiliam, D. (2018). Assessment for learning: Meeting the challenge of implementation. "Assessment in Education:…

Sessions of our laboratory-based physics course have been "meeting" synchronously online instead of on campus due to the pandemic. Shifting to remote instruction prompted us to create online versions of the course. In the unit on global climate change, for example, we continued engaging students in documenting their initial and evolving…

From a sociocultural perspective, I discuss data from a Swedish science classroom presented in María Gómez's article "Student Explanations of their Science Teachers' Assessments, Grading Practices, and How they learn Science". In this discussion, I focus on the need to change existing conceptions of assessment in the teaching and…

Formative assessment can be a critical and creative practice in leadership education and significantly enhance student learning, leader development, and leadership development. This chapter seeks to frame the use of assessment as both a best practice in leadership education and as an integral component to effective leadership learning pedagogy.

Classroom tests have been traditionally used to assess student growth and content mastery. However, a wealth of research in cognitive and educational psychology has demonstrated that retrieval practice (testing) as a form of low-stakes, rather than traditional high-stakes testing, can also be used as an effective pedagogical tool, improving…

Since 2012 an interdisciplinary and culturally heterogeneous team composed of more than 30 people has been engaged in the complex process of conceiving, designing and validating an online placement test with formative orientation called SELF (Système d'Evaluation en Langues à visée Formative), developed and already deployed in six different…

A learning trajectory describes the progression of student thinking and strategies over time in terms of sophistication of both conceptual understanding and procedural fluency. Currently, learning trajectories exist in the research literature for many mathematical domains, including counting, addition and subtraction, multiplicative thinking,…

Promoting students' conceptual understanding and academic language development is a primary goal of instructors in all subject areas. These goals, however, are sometimes hindered by the way students' learning is assessed. In many college-level courses, knowledge-level tests that assess concrete thinking associated with superficial approaches to…

Formative assessment is the process by which teachers provide information to students during the learning process to modify their understanding and self-regulation. An important process within this is shared assessment, which refers to student involvement in the assessment and learning practice, a process of dialogue and collaboration between…