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Download full textCanakli, Levent Ali; Alabay, Sercan – Journal of Education and Learning, 2022
French teaching in Ottoman Turkey found its actual speed with the Tanzimat period (the political reforms made in the ottoman state in 1839). Until the proclamation of the Republic, and even until the 1950s, French was considered the leading carrier of Western culture and civilization in Turkey, and teaching French was deemed necessary. However, it…
Descriptors: French, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Instructional Materials
Yurtbasi, Metin – Online Submission, 2016
The greatest difficulty in reading Arabic script for nonnatives is the absence of short vowels. The correlation of 28 consonants with sounds poses no great difficulty. In Arabic, there are six vowel phonemes which are voiced only by three letters with help of some relevant diacritical marks (?arakat). As the bulk of Arabic publications is written…
Descriptors: Translation, Semitic Languages, Vowels, Islam
PDF pending restorationKrippes, Karl A. – 1993
Facts on the grammar of Kazakh, spoken in Kazakhstan, are presented. They are intended as a guide, not an instructional text. Information is presented in the form of notes and word lists on the following topics: orthography (the Cyrillic alphabet, spelling reform, stylistic and dialectal alternations, common misspellings, and homographs);…
Descriptors: Affixes, Alphabets, Foreign Countries, Form Classes (Languages)
Buzash, Michael D. – 1992
A brief history of modern Rumanian is chronicled, focusing on the influence of a variety of languages on Rumanian's development. Four regional variations are identified: Dacio-Rumanian, Macedo-Rumanian, Megleno-Rumanian, and Istro-Rumanian, all evolving from the Latin spoken in the corresponding areas beginning in imperial Roman times. The…
Descriptors: Alphabets, Diachronic Linguistics, Etymology, Grammar
Direct linkFoster, James Q.; Harrell, Lane Foster; Raizen, Esther – CALICO Journal, 2004
This paper reports on the grammatical and programmatical production aspects of the "Hebrewer," a cross-platform web-based reference work in the form of a Hebrew inflection generator. The Hebrewer, a Java applet/servlet combination, is currently capable of generating 2,500 nouns in full declension and 500 verbs in full conjugation,…
Descriptors: Semitic Languages, Internet, Nouns, Alphabets
Zhang, Wei – Online Submission, 2004
This handbook is designed for native English speakers who are preparing to teach English in China. The contents of the handbook are selected based on the findings of face-to-face interviews and a questionnaire survey conducted by the author with experienced native English teachers to China as the partial fulfillment of her Master's in TESOL…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, English Instruction, Native Speakers, English Teachers
