This article examines the changing architectural environments of deaf education in the nineteenth century, taking the national institutes in Paris and Bordeaux as its main focus. Founded in the late eighteenth century and initially housed in government-expropriated properties, both schools underwent comprehensive renovation and reconstruction…

Schoolhouse planning is becoming specialized. In a few of the larger centers of population there are architects who desire no other work except the planning of school buildings. This is bringing about in the larger cities schoolhouses that are peculiarly adapted to the educational program. They are sanitary, well lighted, and properly ventilated.…

Since the publication by the Bureau of Education of Bulletin (1910) No. 5, entitled "American Schoolhouses" much progress has been made in school architecture from every point of view. In this revised edition such changes and such additions have been made in the text as will, it is hoped, bring this progress to the attention of school…

Since the beginning of the recent revival of interest in rural schools, millions of dollars have been expended annually for country schoolhouses, and expenditures for this purpose have grown larger from year to year. Some of the newer buildings are large and relatively costly, but many, probably most, of them are built with little or no reference…