Competitive Intelligence (CI) has become an attractive concept for Library and Information Science professionals, as information and research functions have become commoditized by end users, and financial, competitive, and performance pressures increase the need to demonstrate value. In the current competitive and cost-cutting environment,…

Discusses information failures as precursors to, as opposed to outcomes of, disasters. Relates research in disasters and accidents, information use environments and information behaviors, and culture (i.e. information, safety, and organizational cultures) to highlight linkages and implications for research and practice. Illustrates connections…

Considers the effectiveness of information and information theory as tools in the war against terrorism following the September 11 attacks, as well as the legal and political authority for their covert use. Topics include understanding the elements of an information network; and using organizational theory to disrupt the target information…

Defines library and information science as the creation, sorting, managing, and transferring of information. Introduces ODAPCOSRIU (origin, dissemination, acquisition, properties, classification, organization, storage, retrieval, interpretation and use) to help define it and explains I&OE (Inner and Outer Environment Model) as a graphic…

This analytical paper covers: (1) review of the terrain of information utilization; (2) posits/examines Bertram Brookes' fundamental equation of information science as a theoretical framework, and discuss our understanding of/research into, the cognitive aspects of information utilization, and (3) discusses methodological aspects for investigating…

Examines the history of the information profession, beginning with Melvil Dewey's first library education program. Discusses the concept of a profession; character; authority; power; cultural authority; access to information; the utilization of information as power; public librarianship; and the organization of information. (LRW)

Discusses communication in research and development, hypotheses of efficiency, and implications for information science. Topics addressed include cognitive situations of individuals and groups; the use of information; the adequacy of available information; the inefficiency of scientific communication; and the unpredictable impact of the same…

Discussion of efficient communication in research and development focuses on the use and nonuse of relevant information. Highlights include information overload and efficiency; nonuse of relevant information as policy; two kinds of overload; and implications for information science. (33 references) (LRW)

Provides an overview of knowledge utilization, what it encompasses, and its three waves of activity in America. Basic principles and strategies to consider are listed, and an example of how knowledge utilization is applied by the Center for Mental Health Services is given. (17 references) (EA)

Presents comparative survey of development of national information infrastructures and formulation of national information policy in India and China. Highlights include influence of foreign models, library and information work traditions, indigenous development, existing organizational structures for scientific and technological information, and…

Discusses the nature of information and considers objective versus subjective views of information; examines concepts dealing with information practice, including access to and use of information; and discusses impacts on the education of information professionals based on a course offered at the University of Technology (Australia). (Contains 13…

Identifies current trends and issues in health informatics with examples of applications, particularly in English-speaking countries. Topics include health systems, professionals, and patients; consumer health information; electronic medical records; nursing; privacy and confidentiality; finding and using information; the Internet; e-mail;…

Because the volume of information circulating in our society has proliferated since World War II and become increasingly subject to processing by electronic hardware, the public has a vital interest in knowing how information performs, how its flow is controlled, and on what terms it is made available to the public. Since all information systems…

Discusses the role of human information gatekeepers. Topics addressed include gatekeeper research in health sciences, education, science and technology, communication studies, journalism, and library and information science; cultural context; information needs and use models; cross-cultural research; ethnolinguistic gatekeepers; and research…

Research, teaching and communications activities of the Program on Information Technologies and Public Policy from September 1973 through September 1974 are reported and summarized. Background information on the program's structure, operating procedure, administration and finances also are provided. Research reports are subdivided by basic…