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Direct linkPlough, India; Banerjee, Jayanti; Iwashita, Noriko – Language Testing, 2018
The papers in this special issue provide support for continued scrutiny of interactional competence (IC) as an important component of the speaking construct. The contributions underscore the complex nature of IC and remind us of the multiple factors that affect any construct definition. At the same time, each study offers insights into those…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency, Correlation, Communicative Competence (Languages)
Enright, Mary K.; Quinlan, Thomas – Language Testing, 2010
E-rater[R] is an automated essay scoring system that uses natural language processing techniques to extract features from essays and to model statistically human holistic ratings. Educational Testing Service has investigated the use of e-rater, in conjunction with human ratings, to score one of the two writing tasks on the TOEFL-iBT[R] writing…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Scoring, Essays, Language Processing
