The dominant approach to research in learning disabilities utilizes experimental and quasi-experimental designs to identify the most effective instructional strategies for students with learning disabilities. Research is always undertaken from a point of view, yet the discourse on "what works?" is generally silent on how theoretical frameworks…

Since the 1980s, educators in adult basic education and special education have speculated that a substantial if unknown percentage of adults have specific learning disabilities (LDs) and have sought to identify and address effectively the needs of these learners. Two rarely intersecting bodies of historical literature on LDs provide the background…

This paper examines the plight of the child with a learning disability who enters a classroom to hear only a foreign language, to misunderstand the accompanying nonverbal signals, and to see only alien symbols written on the board. This child with a learning disability will have difficulty in the classroom unless the teacher applies the basic…

Points out that India tends to exclude people with disabilities from national programs. Argues that inclusive education should be context and culture specific and that inclusive programs can be developed despite a lack of systematic change. Suggests individuals engaged with inclusion need to internalize changes. (CAJ)

Maintains that the inclusive classroom is one in which all students, regardless of differences can flourish. Discusses the role of cooperative learning in establishing and maintaining an inclusive classroom. Maintains that inclusion promotes tolerance. (CFR)