Adolescents often pursue learning opportunities both in and outside school once they become interested in a topic. In this paper, a learning ecology framework and an associated empirical research agenda are described. This framework highlights the need to better understand how learning outside school relates to learning within schools or other…

A unit on adult learning with an exercise based on the theories of Malcolm Knowles and Allen Tough is described. After students in the class see that they actually planned and directed much of their significant adult learning, they are eager to join in the process of modifying course objectives. (MLW)

This monograph discusses the role of nonformal education in increasing peoples' powers of self-determination within underdeveloped countries. Chapters I and II review the causes of underdevelopment, ways in which the third world depends upon developed countries, strategies for overcoming dependency, and the role of individuals in promoting their…