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Vandergrift, Larry; Goh, Christine C. M.; Mareschal, Catherine J.; Tafaghodtari, Marzieh H. – Language Learning, 2006
This article describes the development and validation of a listening questionnaire designed to assess second language (L2) listeners' metacognitive awareness and perceived use of strategies while listening to oral texts. The process of instrument development and validation is described, along with a review of the relevant literature related to…
Descriptors: Questionnaires, Second Language Learning, Metacognition, Learning Strategies
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Diederen, Julia; Gruppen, Harry; Hartog, Rob; Voragen, Alphons G. J. – Journal of Science Education and Technology, 2006
Laboratory classes are regarded as an important learning activity, but they also have shortcomings: laboratory classes are often an inefficient learning activity for students and often do not sufficiently support students in developing research specific cognitive skills. It is hypothesized that some of such skills can be achieved more effectively…
Descriptors: Research Design, Chemistry, Cognitive Development, Research Skills