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Finley, Sara – First Language, 2020
In this commentary, I discuss why, despite the existence of gradience in phonetics and phonology, there is still a need for abstract representations. Most proponents of exemplar models assume multiple levels of abstraction, allowing for an integration of the gradient and the categorical. Ben Ambridge's dismissal of generative models such as…
Descriptors: Phonology, Phonetics, Abstract Reasoning, Linguistic Theory
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Archibald, John – Second Language Research, 2021
There are several theories which tackle predicting the source of third language (L3) crosslinguistic influence. The two orthogonal questions that arise are which language is most likely to influence the L3 and whether the influence will be wholesale or piecemeal (property-by-property). To my mind, Westergaard's Linguistic Proximity Model (LPM) is…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Transfer of Training, Cues, Linguistic Theory
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Demir, Bora – Shanlax International Journal of Education, 2021
Working Memory (WM) is an essential concept of cognitive science since many aspects of human learning depend on it. Primarily proposed by Baddeley and Hitch (1974) and developed by Baddeley (1986), the concept of WM comprises the number of subsystems involved during the process and the considerable emphasis on its key role in cognitive tasks such…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Cognitive Processes, Second Language Learning, Phonology
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Stainthorp, Rhona – Education 3-13, 2021
This paper presents an overview of evidence from psychological research, which enables us to understand the processes involved in word reading, how children develop word reading skills and how to teach them to read words successfully. Psychological models of reading in alphabetic orthographies propose two routes to word reading: an indirect route…
Descriptors: Psychology, Reading Processes, Alphabets, Models
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Ambridge, Ben – First Language, 2020
The goal of this article is to make the case for a radical exemplar account of child language acquisition, under which unwitnessed forms are produced and comprehended by on-the-fly analogy across multiple stored exemplars, weighted by their degree of similarity to the target with regard to the task at hand. Across the domains of (1) word meanings,…
Descriptors: Language Acquisition, Morphology (Languages), Phonetics, Phonology
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Baddeley, Alan D. – Second Language Research, 2017
The concept of modularity is used to contrast the approach to working memory proposed by Truscott with the Baddeley and Hitch multicomponent model. This proposes four sub components comprising the "central executive," an executive control system of limited attentional capacity that utilises storage based on separate but interlinked…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Executive Function, Phonology, Visual Perception
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Yurtbasi, Metin – Online Submission, 2017
The main cause of pronunciation problems faced by EFL learners is their lack of a suprasegmental background. Most of those having oral comprehension and expression difficulties are unaware that their difficulty comes from their negligence of concepts of stress, pitch, juncture and linkers. While remedying stress problems, students should be taught…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Error Correction
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Simko, Juraj; Cummins, Fred – Psychological Review, 2010
Movement science faces the challenge of reconciling parallel sequences of discrete behavioral goals with observed fluid, context-sensitive motion. This challenge arises with a vengeance in the speech domain, in which gestural primitives play the role of discrete goals. The task dynamic framework has proved effective in modeling the manner in which…
Descriptors: Phonology, Models, Phonetics, Vowels
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Mordaunt, Owen G. – Language, Culture and Curriculum, 2011
This article provides a brief description of the linguistic features of African-American English (AAE) and reviews the positions that have been taken up about its role in American education, ranging from those in which AAE is seen as an obstacle to the education of black children to those in which it becomes a language that is different from…
Descriptors: African American Children, Black Dialects, Models, North American English
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Apel, Kenn; Apel, Lynda – Topics in Language Disorders, 2011
Students must be able to consciously use their knowledge of phonology, orthography, morphology, semantics, syntax, and pragmatics to successfully read and write. Difficulties in the conscious awareness of 1 or more of these 6 linguistic knowledge components may lead to reading and writing deficits. In this article, we present a componential model…
Descriptors: Phonology, Semantics, Syntax, Profiles
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Monaghan, Padraic; Christiansen, Morten H. – Journal of Child Language, 2010
There are numerous models of how speech segmentation may proceed in infants acquiring their first language. We present a framework for considering the relative merits and limitations of these various approaches. We then present a model of speech segmentation that aims to reveal important sources of information for speech segmentation, and to…
Descriptors: Psycholinguistics, Phonology, Models, Infants
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Jarrah, Ali Saleh – Indian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2012
This article aims at absorbing the pronunciation teachers task and how much phonology should teachers know. Teachers and future teachers need a well-rounded concept of the phonology of the language they are going to teach and the native language of learners. Emphasis must be placed on the understanding of language as a system of rules and as a…
Descriptors: Pronunciation Instruction, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Phonology
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Woollams, Anna M.; Joanisse, Marc; Patterson, Karalyn – Journal of Memory and Language, 2009
The standard task used to study inflectional processing of verbs involves presentation of the stem form from which the participant is asked to generate the past tense. This task reveals a processing disadvantage for irregular relative to regular English verbs, more pronounced for lower-frequency items. Dual- and single-mechanism theories of…
Descriptors: Semantics, Verbs, Morphology (Languages), Morphemes
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Westwood, Peter – Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties, 2009
This paper presents a concise model of literacy assessment based on the "simple view of reading" and the "simple view of writing". The approach targets directly the key skills and knowledge involved in reading, writing and spelling. It stands in contrast to the less precise and potentially more subjective "always-in-context" and "always-authentic"…
Descriptors: Literacy, Evaluation, Models, Performance Based Assessment
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Dell, Gary S.; Martin, Nadine; Schwartz, Myrna F. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2007
Lexical access in language production, and particularly pathologies of lexical access, are often investigated by examining errors in picture naming and word repetition. In this article, we test a computational approach to lexical access, the two-step interactive model, by examining whether the model can quantitatively predict the repetition-error…
Descriptors: Aphasia, Word Recognition, Phonology, Prediction
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