Native Spanish speakers from Mexico, Honduras, El Salvador, and Guatemala, who are also English language learners, are a growing population of students in the K-12 classrooms throughout the United States. This particular group of students is oftentimes placed in Spanish-as-a-foreign-language classes that fail to meet their linguistic development…

The O'odham Nation is developing an O'odham dictionary in collaboration with the University of Arizona. The project is unique because it is conducted by tribal members and funded by the tribe. The group is proposing locating language centers throughout the reservation to mobilize community involvement in the project and to assist the Nation's…

A discussion of vernacular instruction and instructional materials in Micronesia, a group of Western Pacific islands north of the equator, chronicles the development and recent history of vernacular and English literacy, reports on historical and contemporary efforts to develop a written vernacular, and documents the status of oral and literacy…