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Direct linkGehsmann, Kristin M.; Mesmer, Heidi Anne – Reading Teacher, 2023
This article addresses the characteristics of learners in the emergent stage of literacy development and describes two instructional practices that facilitate the development of the alphabetic principle and concept of word in text.
Descriptors: Emergent Literacy, Beginning Reading, Early Reading, Phonological Awareness
Norris, Dennis; Kinoshita, Sachiko – Psychological Review, 2012
The goal of research on how letter identity and order are perceived during reading is often characterized as one of "cracking the orthographic code." Here, we suggest that there is no orthographic code to crack: Words are perceived and represented as sequences of letters, just as in a dictionary. Indeed, words are perceived and represented in…
Descriptors: Psychology, Research, Perception, Identification
