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Council of Chief State School Officers, 2017
Appendix A of the Common Core State Standards (hereafter CCSS) contains a review of the research stressing the importance of being able to read complex text for success in college and career. The research shows that while the complexity of reading demands for college, career, and citizenship have held steady or risen over the past half century,…
Descriptors: Common Core State Standards, English Instruction, Language Arts, Literacy
Fenty, Nicole S.; Brydon, Melissa – Intervention in School and Clinic, 2020
Strong oral reading fluency skills are an important indication of good reading. In addition, reading engagement is often correlated with reading success. Unfortunately, students with learning disabilities (LD) often struggle to read fluently and engage with text. Incorporating graphic novels as part of a comprehensive reading program may help…
Descriptors: Oral Reading, Reading Fluency, Correlation, Reading Achievement
Scott A. Crossley; Danielle S. McNamara – Grantee Submission, 2016
The purpose of this handbook is to provide actionable information to educators, administrators, and researchers about current, available research-based educational technologies that provide adaptive (personalized) instruction to students on literacy, including reading comprehension and writing. This handbook is comprised of chapters by leading…
Descriptors: Educational Technology, Literacy, Reading Comprehension, Writing Skills
Hiebert, Elfrieda H. – Reading Teacher, 2013
Standard 10 of the Common Core State Standards attends to students' capacity with complex text. This standard distinguishes the Common Core State Standards from previous standards documents. This article describes a process--the Text Complexity Multi-Index (TCMI)--that supports teachers in studying texts to support their students in…
Descriptors: State Standards, Academic Standards, Readability, Difficulty Level
Conners, Sean P. – English Journal, 2013
As proponents of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) publish lists of "Exemplar Texts" that are said to represent the degree of textual complexity appropriate for the different grade levels, and that are overwhelmingly canonical, those who value young adult literature and recognize a place for it in the high school literature…
Descriptors: State Standards, Academic Standards, Adolescent Literature, Readability
Pennell, Colleen – Reading Teacher, 2015
Teaching children to inquire, discuss ideas, and defend thinking about a literary text is a key aim of the common core state standards (CCSS). This article describes how four third-grade, male struggling readers successfully co-constructed meaning during a discussion based reading intervention rooted in philosophical inquiry. Three elements that…
Descriptors: Reader Text Relationship, Reading, Reading Skills, Reading Strategies
Aspen Institute, 2012
What is meant by text complexity is a measurement of how challenging a particular text is to read. There are a myriad of different ways of explaining what makes text challenging to read, from the sophistication of the vocabulary employed to the length of its sentences to even measurements of how the text as a whole coheres. Research shows that no…
Descriptors: State Standards, Predictor Variables, Reading Ability, College Readiness
Hudson, Melissa E.; Browder, Diane; Wakeman, Shawnee – TEACHING Exceptional Children, 2013
Teaching students with moderate and severe intellectual disability who are early readers or nonreaders to engage with grade-level text is challenging. For this reason, purposeful thought must be given to promoting text accessibility and teaching text comprehension. Whenever possible, text should be used as it is originally written without…
Descriptors: Reading Instruction, Moderate Mental Retardation, Severe Mental Retardation, Accessibility (for Disabled)
Fisher, Douglas; Frey, Nancy; Lapp, Diane – Reading Teacher, 2008
A study of 25 expert teachers and their shared reading lessons in grades 3-8 suggests that teachers focus their modeling during shared reading in four categories: comprehension, vocabulary, text structures, and text features. (Contains 1 figure.)
Descriptors: Text Structure, Elementary School Students, Middle School Students, Vocabulary Skills
Institute for Academic Excellence, Inc. Madison, WI. – 1998
This report presents information regarding Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) guidelines as they relate to the Accelerated Reader program. The report states that a student's zone of proximal development is the range of book readability levels that will challenge a student without causing frustration or loss of motivation. It discusses factors…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Elementary Secondary Education, Readability, Readability Formulas
Robb, Laura – Instructor, 2008
Not too long ago, on a visit to two sixth-grade classrooms, the author saw very clearly the challenge teachers have before them when they try to differentiate reading. In both classrooms, 11-year-olds who read like fourth graders shared tables with classmates who read like the average ninth grader--a five-year span. How teachers approach this…
Descriptors: Inclusive Schools, Classrooms, Grade 4, Reading Instruction
Barchers, Suzanne; Pfeffinger, Charla – Teacher Ideas Press, 2005
After more than a decade in print, "Readers Theatre for Beginning Readers" continues to outsell all comparable books on Readers Theatre. "More RTBR" capitalizes on both the popularity of "Readers Theatre for Beginning Readers" and the emphasis on fluency due to the recommendations of the National Reading Panel.…
Descriptors: Scripts, Readability Formulas, Readability, Beginning Reading
Spadorcia, Stephanie A. – Reading & Writing Quarterly, 2005
This study analyzed the word-, sentence-, and passage-level demands of high-interest, low-level books in a manner consistent with an interactive model of reading comprehension. Cases consisted of three randomly selected passages from sixty different books. Cases were analyzed across five variables: high-frequency words, decodable words, sentences,…
Descriptors: High Interest Low Vocabulary Books, Readability, Reading Comprehension, Readability Formulas

Webster, Linda J. – Popular Measurement, 2000
Traces the career of Jack Stenner. Stenner made the empirical discovery that observable readability could be entirely predicted from word familiarity and sentence length, and applied this "Lexile Framework"(R) to books and readers. Discusses the use of the Lexile Framework as a way to target specific readers. (SLD)
Descriptors: Readability, Reading Comprehension, Reading Instruction, Text Structure

Sanford, Ellie – Popular Measurement, 2000
Describes the development of a Spanish version of the Lexile Framework(R) and a Spanish readability equation. Discusses some differences between Spanish and English and how these differences affect the development of the Lexile measures. (SLD)
Descriptors: Readability, Reading Comprehension, Reading Instruction, Spanish