This article demonstrates how, at a time when learners may be experiencing fear and chaos in other aspects of their lives, a focus on language task engagement is essential across both online and offline language learning contexts. It presents a model of language task engagement and describes why and how teachers can use it to support learner…

In December 2019, the University of Oxford Language Centre started to offer online courses in French, Spanish, and German at an advanced level. This not only enabled the Language Centre to pilot a new way of Modern Foreign Language (MFL) teaching ahead of the unprecedented 2020 health crisis, but also to open and expand 'Oxford to the world'. The…

COVID-19 caught everyone by surprise, and even the most advanced higher education institutions around the world probably had challenges moving from Face-to-Face (F2F) to online teaching and learning. For Cameroon, where internet connectivity is still very low, both teachers and students have had a hard time switching to virtual classrooms. This…

This article explores the efficacy of blended learning in English language classrooms. Many schools all over the world have decided to employ various online and blended courses in their courses, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Corporations that build learning management systems (LMS) for blended learning, as well as "boxed"…

The rapid developments today in artificial intelligence (AI), supported by massive language data collection, are resulting in ever better digital language assistance/translation. Advances in the capabilities of intelligent services lead naturally to envisioning a future where there might be a quite different context for second language (L2) use…

Online (language) teaching has been found to be as effective as face-to-face (F2F) learning (Moneypenny & Aldrich 2016, "J. Educators Online," 13, 105-174; Goertler & Gacs, 2018, "Die Unterrichtspraxis/Teaching German," 51, 156-174). Online language teaching has different affordances and challenges than F2F teaching,…

The second language teaching has been constantly experiencing paradigm shifts. Teaching approaches and pedagogical beliefs come and go, others are modified and updated. With these developments, a number of new and perennial issues arise as well. This paper, then, identifies the transitions and developments in the second language pedagogy from the…

Language is nature in action and something humans do. This literature review presents evidence from the literature that suggests that learning a foreign language in a classroom situation does not require high levels of student motivation. It is instead suggested that high levels of motivation are needed to make progress when a teacher is using…

Hybrid courses--which replace 20%-80% of class meetings with online activities--are predicted to increase as educators embrace the benefits of blending online technologies with face-to-face class meetings. Also expected to increase are enrollments of ESL/EFL students. As these growth trends intersect, an increased number of ESL/EFL students are…

While China has certainly taken a great stride in English teaching and learning since its opening up policy about 30 years ago, there's no denying the fact that a lot of concomitant problems occur during its development. This paper explores into two of the hot issues nowadays and presents the author's own experiences in two strikingly different…

The author, who changed her French class from a traditional, teacher-directed format to independent study, explains the benefits she found in this new system, particularly in the change of her own role. (SJL)

Investigates the nature of foreign-language learning using CD-ROM packages and presents case studies that explore cognitive processes and alternative learning experiences which contrast with conventional delivery modes in foreign-language teaching. Concludes that CD-ROMs can promote vocabulary acquisition, pronunciation, and independent learning.…