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Kristin Percy Calaff; Emily Scott; Michelle Matakas – Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction, 2024
Multilingual learners (MLs) are students whose primary language is not English and are eligible for English language development services through the Transitional Bilingual Instruction Program (TBIP). Eligible MLs receive TBIP services until they become proficient in English. During the 2022-23 school year, 149,357 students were identified as…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education Programs, Transitional Programs, State Programs, English Language Learners
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Katie A. Bernstein; Lindsey Brown; Yalda M. Kaveh; Brandon Yuhas; Sepide Pazhouhi – Journal of Language, Identity, and Education, 2025
Language education policy in Arizona has been on a rollercoaster over the last five years. Between 2019 and 2024, the state shifted from strict English-only enforcement to loosening restrictions and encouraging dual language approaches, then back to strict English-only enforcement. In this forum piece, we use approaches from critical discourse…
Descriptors: Educational Policy, State Policy, Superintendents, English Only Movement
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Lindsey Brown – Language Policy, 2025
For over two decades, emergent bilingual students in Arizona have languished under the state's English-only Structured English Immersion policies. Using Theo Van Leeuwan's (2007) legitimation in discourse framework, this study longitudinally tracks shifts in legitimation tactics across the four iterations of the policy--its inception with…
Descriptors: Language of Instruction, English, Language Planning, Educational Policy
Illinois State Board of Education, 2023
The Illinois State Board of Education (ISBE) is committed to the cognitive, linguistic, and socio-emotional development of all children in Illinois. ISBE's Multilingual/Language Development Department is focused on ensuring that students with diverse linguistic repertoires and those who may benefit from additional support have equitable access to…
Descriptors: English Language Learners, Access to Education, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language)
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Foster, James Lamar; Louis, Lawrence; Winston, Elizabeth – Theory Into Practice, 2022
This article examines the ways in which racist structures negatively affect students' social and emotional development and how social-emotional learning (SEL) may be a useful tool to push against racist structures to develop students socially and emotionally. We propose an ecological framework to examine how micro-, meso-, and macro-level…
Descriptors: Racial Bias, Social Emotional Learning, School Districts, Guidelines
Serverance, Mary – Public Policy Institute of California, 2022
This policy brief was adapted from "English as a Second Language at California's Community Colleges: An Early Examination of AB 705 Reforms." In Fall 2021, colleges began implementing reforms to English as a Second Language (ESL) that were mandated by Assembly Bill 705 (AB 705). In recognition of the need for effective and equitable ESL…
Descriptors: Community Colleges, Two Year College Students, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction
Rhett Nelson – Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction, 2024
The Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction (OSPI) is required by RCW 28A.250.040 to report annually on online learning. This report uses data extracted from the Comprehensive Education Data and Research System (CEDARS). Key findings from the 2022-2023 school year include: (1) More students accessed online courses and more schools and…
Descriptors: Accountability, Online Courses, Educational Technology, Technology Uses in Education
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Shaw, Leigh Anne; Rice, Sydney; Wada, Kathy – CATESOL Journal, 2018
Between 2012 and 2018, the California Community Colleges system underwent significant changes in policy and practice to address student success rates; this article chronicles policies affecting ESL students and how ESL faculty worked to ensure equitable, appropriate implementation for students enrolled in credit ESL courses. The 2018 California…
Descriptors: Community Colleges, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Garcia, Amaya – Phi Delta Kappan, 2020
In 2016, California voters overturned a 1998 law that curtailed bilingual instruction throughout the state. After nearly 20 years of "English only" programs, what will it take to restore the schools' capacity to provide a broader range of services to English Learners, including dual language immersion and other forms of bilingual…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, English Language Learners, Public Schools, English Only Movement
Minnesota Department of Education, 2018
The ability to communicate in multiple languages and navigate distinct cultural settings are significant assets that need to be understood and supported in schools. Minnesota values schools that strive to recognize and build on the linguistic and cultural resources of students and families. Recognizing and building on the strengths and resources…
Descriptors: English Language Learners, English (Second Language), Elementary Secondary Education, Educational Legislation
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Martinez, Martha I.; Meadvin, Joanna; Diaz, Adriana; Skibbins, Heather; Hurwitz, Anya; Sapien, Corina – NABE Journal of Research and Practice, 2022
In 2016, California voters approved state Proposition 58, repealing an almost 20-year ban on bilingual education for English Learners (ELs), who represent nearly 20% of the state's public school students. The state's reversal on bilingual education reflects a national trend of promoting bilingualism and expanding bilingual (also referred to as…
Descriptors: Equal Education, Bilingual Education, English Language Learners, State Legislation
Minnesota Department of Education, 2019
The abilities to communicate in multiple languages and navigate distinct cultural settings are significant assets that need to be understood and supported in schools. Minnesota values schools that strive to recognize and build on the linguistic and cultural resources of students and families. Recognizing and building on the strengths and resources…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), English Language Learners, At Risk Students, Language Proficiency
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April Chavez; Barbara Jones – Region 15 Comprehensive Center, 2023
This overview describes themes from the "Tribal Advocacy for Educational Change: Systemic Approaches" webinar. Tribal leaders from New Mexico and Washington addressed the ongoing realities of colonization that impact public education systems. They detailed how tribes, governments, and Native-serving organizations are designing systemic…
Descriptors: Advocacy, American Indian Education, Tribally Controlled Education, Educational Philosophy
Region 16 Comprehensive Center, 2023
Alaska's last literacy blueprint was written in 2011. A lot has changed in 12 years. Since then, Alaska adopted new English Language Arts standards to reflect the advanced literacy students need to be ready for college and careers. The Alaska Department of Education & Early Development (DEED) adopted the Alaska Native Cultural Standards for…
Descriptors: Literacy, Language Arts, Academic Standards, Culturally Relevant Education
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Mark Anthony Conlon – Analytic Teaching and Philosophical Praxis, 2023
Conversations about controversial political issues within the public-school classroom are necessary for the whole development of students as they prepare to participate fully in democracy, part of their role as conscious social reproducers of the American political regime. Effective educators train students to critically understand and analyze…
Descriptors: Controversial Issues (Course Content), Teaching Methods, Classroom Techniques, Discussion (Teaching Technique)
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