As higher education is shifting to virtual teaching, examinations are increasingly conducted virtually, often proctored. Unfortunately, virtual proctored examinations--proctored remotely using technologies--can be prone to cheating. Some anti-cheating measures can be built into the virtual proctoring technologies, but cheating can still occur.…

The emergence of the global pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 has posed several challenges to education across the globe and led to the emergence and progression of newer methods of teaching and assessment. While online teaching has been quickly adopted and implemented across the globe, exams and assessment remain poorly managed both at an elementary and…

The COVID-19 shutdown of in-person university classrooms in Spring 2020 brought the question of how to conduct online examinations into urgent focus. Although, online education has been around since 1984 and online exams have been routinely built into online course syllabi, the mid-semester transition to online teaching confronted many instructors…

Online testing is a popular practice for tertiary educators, largely owing to efficiency in automation, scalability, and capability to add depth and breadth to subject offerings. As with all assessments, designs need to consider whether student cheating may be inadvertently made easier and more difficult to detect. Cheating can jeopardise the…

This paper identifies several methods a student could use to cheat while enrolled in an online course. Problems encountered in conducting an online course and in administering an online exam involve: (1) identifying the test taker, (2) preventing the theft of the exam, (3) combating the unauthorized use of textbooks and/or notes, (4) preparing an…

Hailey Schnorr has spent years peering into the bedrooms, kitchens, and dorm rooms of students via Webcam. In her job proctoring online tests for universities, she has learned to focus mainly on students' eyes. Ms. Schnorr works for ProctorU, a company hired by universities to police the integrity of their online courses. ProctorU is part of a…

As online programs at conventional universities continue to expand, administrators and faculty face new challenges. Academic dishonesty is nothing new, but an online testing environment requires different strategies and tactics from what we have had to consider in the past. Our university has recently adapted successful face-to-face programs in…

This article discusses the implementation this year of the Department of Education's Higher Education Opportunity Act of 2008 (HEOA), which requires accreditors to ensure that an institution that offers distance or correspondence education has a process in place to establish that a student who registers in a course or program is also the same…

Students will cheat during exams, that is nothing new, but now that the Higher Education Act requires the proctoring of exams, distance education institutions now find that both they and their students have a major problem. Exams have to be proctored, but requiring distance education students to search out a reliable proctor and travel to a…

Discusses the need for teacher supervision in distance learning classrooms based on experiences at three high schools in South Central New York. Highlights include teacher attention at the home site versus remote sites, student satisfaction with teacher help, the possibility of cheating, and student attitudes about the presence of teachers. (LRW)

One hundred and ninety-six Israeli middle-school students participated in a study that explored the effects of moral orientation (moral versus conventional) and of three situational variables on attitudes toward two types of cheating in school exams--copying from others ('active') and letting others copy ('passive'). Several vignettes that were…