The Japanese academics have high recognition of themselves as the researchers rather than the teachers. This kind of climate developed in the national research universities including "Teikoku Daigaku" in the prewar time and even in the postwar time; it has extended to almost all academics not only in the research universities but also in…

State Governments throughout the country have taken steps to strengthen their economic bases by promoting growth of high-technology industries within their respective borders. A byproduct of this effort has been an increasing need for information on the geographic distribution of industrial research and development (R&D) activities in terms of…

There has been concern for the amount of foreign sponsorship and support that is received by federal research and development (R&D) laboratories. This report summarizes a 1986 survey of federal R&D laboratories. The report discusses the extent of United States and foreign participation in R&D in the United States, federal policies regarding…

Over the past few decades there has been a rise in the number of federally funded large scientific research initiatives, with increased calls to evaluate their processes and outcomes. This article describes efforts to evaluate such initiatives in one agency within the U.S. federal government. The authors introduce the Evaluation of Large…

The National Science Foundation (NSF) annually publishes information generated by its survey of research and development (R&D) expenditures by United States industry. These data are collected for NSF by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Other organizations also publish information on industrial R&D expenditures collected by surveys or derived…

The data presented in this report were compiled from the National Science Foundation's (NSF) fiscal year 1994 Survey of Scientific and Engineering Expenditures at Universities and Colleges. Surveyed are science and engineering expenditures for separately budgeted research and development. Terms used in institutional accounting procedures are…

This report presents the results of the 1973 survey of industrial research and development and is the 19th in a series extending back to 1953. Data obtained are designed to provide useful information to those concerned with evaluating the role of research and development in furthering the national welfare and in allocation of scientific resources.…

Reported are statistics for research and development in chemistry. Provided are (1) an overview; (2) breakdowns of statistics regarding the federal government, industry, and universities and colleges in the United States; and (3) international research and development. Data are presented in graphs and tables. (CW)

The results of a survey on Italian university and industry cooperation links are presented, focusing on the ideas both sectors have of a science park, of its compatibility with other similar forms, and of its capability to foster cooperation between universities and firms. (Author/MLW)

Examines the patterns of contracts between academic marine scientists and two kinds of federal funding agencies. Discusses the quality of working relationships, quality of academic marine scientific work, and dilemma of conflicting value systems. Finds that the scientists rate science-oriented agencies more favorably than society-oriented ones.…

Presents an analysis of a survey of University-Industry Research Relationships (UIRR) in biotechnology that involved over 1200 university faculty. Findings indicated that researchers with industrial support published at higher rates, patented more frequently, participated in more administrative and professional activities, and earned more than…

Presents the results of a survey of engineers in R&D. Reports 1987 pay raises, highest academic degree, salary range, age and experience for 12 engineering fields. Compares these results to other years. Concludes that many variables led to overall gains for metallurgists and biologists and losses for mathematicians and ceramists. (CW)

Focusing upon Clinton County, New York and the numerous programs sponsored by the New York State Rural Development Advisory Council in conjunction with the New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (Cornell) via Rural Development Act Title V funds, this publication describes January 1974 through June 1976 program development in terms…

Reviews recent and current research and development projects in the United Kingdom dealing with online information systems. Main areas of research (systems design, impact on user behavior and organizational structure, ergonomics and bibliographic factors) and research techniques (features analysis, transaction log analysis, surveys and comparative…

This review of special education worldwide is based on questionnaire replies of appropriate ministries in 63 United Nations member states during 1993-94. Part 1 provides a summary and analysis of the information received and highlights trends, comparing situations reported in the previous survey (1986-87) with the present survey. This section…