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Sophie Litschwartz – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2021
Background/Context: Pass/fail standardized exams frequently selectively rescore failing exams and retest failing examinees. This practice distorts the test score distribution and can confuse those who do analysis on these distributions. In 2011, the Wall Street Journal showed large discontinuities in the New York City Regent test score…
Descriptors: Standardized Tests, Pass Fail Grading, Scoring Rubrics, Scoring Formulas

Reynolds, Cecil R.; Clark, Julia H. – Psychology in the Schools, 1986
Describes a method using age equivalents and standard scores to recreate the full range of variability in the scores of high-functioning individuals. The method allows for a more complete interpretation of performance that can lead to better educational and therapeutic programing. (Author/ABB)
Descriptors: Children, Elementary Secondary Education, Gifted, High Achievement
Jones, Bernard G.; Gramenz, Gary W. – Spectrum, 1983
Describes procedure for combining Stanford Achievement Test items with local supplementary items to measure individual and aggregate student performance in mathematics. Two reports are generated from the test results: a diagnostic report of student mastery of each objective and an overall score. (TE)
Descriptors: Criterion Referenced Tests, Elementary Secondary Education, Item Analysis, Item Banks
Lawrence, Ida M.; Schmidt, Amy Elizabeth – College Entrance Examination Board, 2001
The SAT® I: Reasoning Test is administered seven times a year. Primarily for security purposes, several different test forms are given at each administration. How is it possible to compare scores obtained from different test forms and from different test administrations? The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the statistical…
Descriptors: Scores, Comparative Analysis, Standardized Tests, College Entrance Examinations
Laitsch, Dan – Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 2005
Standardized testing plays an increasingly important role in the lives of today's students and educators. The U.S. No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) requires assessment in math and literacy in grades 3-8 and 10 and, as of 2007-08, in science once in grades 3-5, 6-9, and 10-12. Based on National Center for Education Statistics enrollment projections,…
Descriptors: Testing, Standardized Tests, Enrollment Projections, Accountability

Sackett, Paul R.; Wilk, Steffanie L. – American Psychologist, 1994
Reviews the literature on subgroup norming in testing and examines several types of score-adjustment methods. The authors discuss social and policy perspectives as well as the scientific and theoretical underpinnings of score adjustment. (GLR)
Descriptors: Civil Rights Legislation, Employment Practices, Equal Opportunities (Jobs), Literature Reviews

Gottfredson, Linda S. – American Psychologist, 1994
Focuses on score adjustment by racial or ethnic group (race norming) in employment testing, and provides a history of the original controversy. The author analyzes race-based adjustments in test scores and discusses how personnel-selection science is being compromised in an effort to reconcile contradictory legal demands. (GLR)
Descriptors: Compliance (Legal), Court Litigation, Employment Practices, Equal Opportunities (Jobs)