Krazy Kat's iconic phrase "Lenguage is that we may mis-unda-stend each udda" (=language is that we may misunderstand each other) to Ignatz has been used and reproduced repeatedly to highlight George Herriman's comics around language and its functions. Such a phrase hides great truths when the interlocutors do not understand words with…

Detection of metal ions in solution has been performed without employing H[subscript 2]S or any other sulfide materials. The new method is free from the interference from anions. Identification of Na[superscript +], K[superscript +], and NH[subscript 4][superscript +] has been made possible directly from an aqueous extract of the sample mixture. A…

This paper proposes a novel framework for systematic reviews, the "conceptual systematic review" (CSR), incorporating elements of content analysis that often implicitly precede synthesising research but are rarely made explicit. We argue that a CSR has the possibility to conceptually map a "tangled term," to prepare systematic…

Email filters classify new messages as either spam or not spam based on word frequency, syntax, and metadata. A "classifier" is an algorithm that maps input data into categories based on distinguishing characteristics, or "features." Features can be raw data or attributes derived from that data. "Feature engineering"…

Given decision-makers often prioritize causal research that identifies the impact of treatments on the people they serve, a key question in education research is, "Does it work?". Today, however, researchers are paying increasing attention to successive questions that are equally important from a practical standpoint--not only does it…

This article reviews the origins and use of the terms quasi-experiment and natural experiment. It demonstrates how the terms conflate whether variation in the independent variable of interest falls short of random with whether researchers find, rather than intervene to create, that variation. Using the lens of assignment--the process driving…

Although the generalized deterministic inputs, noisy "and" gate model (G-DINA; de la Torre, 2011) is a general cognitive diagnosis model (CDM), it does not account for the heterogeneity that is rooted from the existing latent groups in the population of examinees. To address this, this study proposes the mixture G-DINA model, a CDM that…

The overall aim of this article is to stimulate discussion about the activities within CER, and to develop a more thoughtful and explicit perspective on the different types of research activity within CER, and their relationships with each other. While theories may be the most valuable outputs of research to those wishing to apply them, for…

Diffraction has emerged as a concept and methodology through opposing reflexivity. In this paper, I argue that reflexivity and diffraction are not external to each other. In contrast, I propose that they blur into each other and so we do not find ourselves using pure reflexivity or diffraction. Furthermore, I contend that categorically…

Mathematical modelling has acquired relevance in different fields at an international level, both in education and research. This article states that, throughout the construction of the theoretical corpus of this mathematical process and competency -- among others -- two big issues have occurred: one of terminological nature since the definitions…

Using Habermas's three human interests as a philosophical lens, a typology of emotion regulation was developed based on previous work. There are three theoretical perspectives on emotion regulation. The first perspective, "emotion regulation as steps," considers emotion regulation as an individual phenomenon and detachable entity. The…

This conceptual paper deals with ways in which gesture or embodied utterances create deictic expressions (i.e., deixis) that are relevant to second language teaching and learning. While many gesture types have been found to be material carriers of meaning (McNeill, 1992; Vygotsky, 1986), deictics have the ability and function to create new…

Replicating research studies is considered one way of establishing validity and confidence of findings in a field of study. In this paper, we introduce a replication framework for classifying studies conducted in the area of educational technology as a possible guide to conducting and reporting replication studies in the field. The paper includes…

Courses: Communication Theory; Research Methods; Mass Communication Theory. Objectives: This activity introduces students to the socially constructed nature of theorizing through having a few students sort a bag of random items in ways of their choice. The class then discusses the categories of sorted items in terms of their properties as theories…

The terms Language Disorder, Developmental Language Disorder (DLD), Language-based learning disabilities, Specific Learning Disorder, and Specific Learning Disability are commonly used to describe children struggling to learn at school. In this position paper, the definitions and distinctions between these terms are discussed, and key overlaps and…