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Direct linkGreene-Woods, Ashley – American Annals of the Deaf, 2020
The language of instruction for Deaf children in the American educational system has long been the subject of debate: Should Deaf children learn language via American Sign Language (ASL), English-based visual communication systems, or spoken English only? It has long been the practice of the standard epistemology to encourage the use of verbal…
Descriptors: Language of Instruction, Deafness, Hearing Impairments, Special Needs Students
Steinberg, Jonathan; Cline, Frederick; Ling, Guangming; Cook, Linda; Tognatta, Namrata – Journal of Applied Testing Technology, 2009
This study examines the appropriateness of a large-scale state standards-based English-Language Arts (ELA) assessment for students who are deaf or hard of hearing by comparing the internal test structures for these students to students without disabilities. The Grade 4 and 8 ELA assessments were analyzed via a series of parcel-level exploratory…
Descriptors: Test Bias, Language Arts, State Standards, Partial Hearing
