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Zhou, Xinlin – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Solving simple arithmetic problems involves three stages: encoding the problem, retrieving or calculating the answer, and reporting the answer. This study compared the event-related potentials elicited by single-digit addition and multiplication problems to examine the relationship between encoding and retrieval/calculation stages. Results showed…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Arithmetic, Multiplication, Computation
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Bortoletto, Marta; Cook, Alana; Cunnington, Ross – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Motor timing is essential for performing self-initiated movement sequences. Here, we investigated how sequence rhythm, or the timing for co-ordinating movements within a sequence, contributes to action preparation, compared with other processes occurring during sequence planning. First, we recorded the readiness potential (RP) in a condition of…
Descriptors: Motor Reactions, Comparative Analysis, Psychomotor Skills, Cognitive Processes
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Bailey, Kate; Chapman, Peter – Brain and Cognition, 2012
Emotionally arousing information is treated in a specialised manner across a number of different processing stages, and memory for affective events is often found to be heightened by virtue of this. However, in some cases, emotional experiences might be the very ones that we would like to forget. Here, two item-method directed forgetting studies…
Descriptors: Emotional Response, Memory, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Diagnostic Tests
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Kocak, Orhan Murat; Ozpolat, Aysegul Yilmaz; Atbasoglu, Cem; Cicek, Metehan – Brain and Cognition, 2011
The nature of obsessions has led researchers to try to determine if the main problem in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is impaired inhibitory control. Previous studies report that the effort to suppress is one of the factors that increase the frequency of obsessive thoughts. Based on these results and those of the present study that suggest…
Descriptors: Anxiety Disorders, Patients, Brain, Self Control
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Wallez, Catherine; Vauclair, Jacques – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Asymmetries of emotional facial expressions in humans offer reliable indexes to infer brain lateralization and mostly revealed right hemisphere dominance. Studies concerned with oro-facial asymmetries in nonhuman primates largely showed a left-sided asymmetry in chimpanzees, marmosets and macaques. The presence of asymmetrical oro-facial…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Cognitive Processes, Emotional Response, Animals
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Van der Stigchel, Stefan; Imants, Puck; Ridderinkhof, K. Richard – Brain and Cognition, 2011
To delineate the modulatory effects of induced positive affect on cognitive control, the current study investigated whether positive affect increases the ability to suppress a reflexive saccade in the antisaccade task. Results of the antisaccade task showed that participants made fewer erroneous prosaccades in the condition in which a positive…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Psychological Patterns, Brain, Cognitive Processes
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Papousek, Ilona; Murhammer, Daniela; Schulter, Gunter – Brain and Cognition, 2011
The study shows that changes in relative verbal vs. figural working memory and fluency performance from one session to a second session two to 3 weeks apart covary with spontaneously occurring changes of cortical asymmetry in the lateral frontal and central cortex, measured by electroencephalography (EEG) in resting conditions before the execution…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Brain, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Short Term Memory
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Dujardin, Tiffanie; Etienne, Yann; Contentin, Claire; Bernard, Christian; Largy, Pierre; Mellier, Daniel; Lalonde, Robert; Rebai, Mohamed – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Adults with phonological dyslexia and controls performed a lexical decision task while ERPs were recorded in the occipitotemporal pathway. Based on N170 durations, two subgroups were formed: dysl1 showing longer N170 durations and dysl2 showing normal N170 durations. While the dysl1 subgroup had poorer accuracy for infrequent words and…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Phonology, Adults, Diagnostic Tests
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Achim, Amelie M.; Lefebvre, Andree-Anne; Cellard, Caroline; Bouchard, Roch-Hugo; Roy, Marc-Andre; Tremblay, Sebastien – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Source recognition memory deficits have repeatedly been observed in people with schizophrenia (SZ), and have also recently been observed in their first-degree relatives. These deficits have been hypothesized to result, at least in part, from impairments in the conscious recollection process. Although other processes are clearly also affected in…
Descriptors: Schizophrenia, Patients, Recognition (Psychology), Recall (Psychology)
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Gowen, E.; Bradshaw, C.; Galpin, A.; Lawrence, A.; Poliakoff, E. – Brain and Cognition, 2010
Observation of human actions influences the observer's own motor system, termed visuomotor priming, and is believed to be caused by automatic activation of mirror neurons. Evidence suggests that priming effects are larger for biological (human) as opposed to non-biological (object) stimuli and enhanced when viewing stimuli in mirror compared to…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Cognitive Processes, Stimuli, Attention
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Brancucci, Alfredo; Tommasi, Luca – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Since about two decades neuroscientists have systematically faced the problem of consciousness: the aim is to discover the neural activity specifically related to conscious perceptions, i.e. the biological properties of what philosophers call qualia. In this view, a neural correlate of consciousness (NCC) is a precise pattern of brain activity…
Descriptors: Auditory Stimuli, Stimulation, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Language Processing
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Brodeur, Mathieu B.; Debruille, J. Bruno; Renoult, Louis; Prevost, Marie; Dionne-Dostie, Emmanuelle; Buchy, Lisa; Lepage, Martin – Brain and Cognition, 2011
The present study was carried out to examine how the event-related potentials to fragmentation predict recognition success. Stimuli were abstract meaningless figures that were either complete or fragmented to various extents but still recoverable. Stimuli were first encoded as part of a symmetry discrimination task. In a subsequent recognition…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Recognition (Psychology), Memory, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Schreiber, Melanie; Pietschmann, Maria; Kathmann, Norbert; Endrass, Tanja – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Previous studies on performance monitoring repeatedly found attenuated error-related negativities (Ne/ERN) in elderly, while findings for the correct-related negativity (Nc/CRN) are inconsistent. The present study aimed at clarifying inconsistent Nc/CRN results in elderly. Therefore, a refined design was employed to control for potential…
Descriptors: Older Adults, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Diagnostic Tests, Error Patterns
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Rellecke, Julian; Palazova, Marina; Sommer, Werner; Schacht, Annekathrin – Brain and Cognition, 2011
The degree to which emotional aspects of stimuli are processed automatically is controversial. Here, we assessed the automatic elicitation of emotion-related brain potentials (ERPs) to positive, negative, and neutral words and facial expressions in an easy and superficial face-word discrimination task, for which the emotional valence was…
Descriptors: Evidence, Stimuli, Nonverbal Communication, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Rahman, Qazi; Newland, Cherie; Smyth, Beatrice Mary – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Prior research has demonstrated robust sex and sexual orientation-related differences in object location memory in humans. Here we show that this sexual variation may depend on the spatial position of target objects and the task-specific nature of the spatial array. We tested the recovery of object locations in three object arrays (object…
Descriptors: Sexual Orientation, Memory, Homosexuality, Spatial Ability
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