Retention of students during the elementary years has been suggested as a possible reason for future difficulties in school. Procedures should be established by the schools to prevent retentions. Decision-making criteria are offered for when retention seems to be the only alternative. (DF)

In 1965, the United States Congress established the Teacher Corps with the ultimate goal of broadening teacher preparation programs and improving educational opportunities for children from low-income families. The program requires that local projects incorporate characteristics that reflect current educational concerns. (JN)

Three kinds of educational research--scientific, analytic, and interpretive--are examined, and the type of inservice activity most closely related to each is discussed. Effective teaching is defined in terms of a direct instructional model for delivering skills to students. Inservice can improve teacher effectiveness by modifying teacher behavior.…