This paper first considers what it means to become truly proficient in a language other than the native one. It then looks briefly at the evolution of dual language programs. Next, it focuses on the issue of whether the first language (L1) or the second language (L2) serves as the language of mediation. Other dual language program issues are then…

In 1966, the Singapore Government implemented the English-knowing bilingual policy which made it mandatory for all Chinese students to study English as a "First Language" and the Chinese language (CL) as a "Mother Tongue Language" in Singapore schools. Using key literature relevant to Singapore's bilingual educational policy…

A survey of 169 educators examined aspects of instructional leadership in elementary bilingual programs. Bilingual programs in exemplary schools differed from those in average schools or schools on accreditation notice in identification procedures, teacher involvement in program development and evaluation, and training in the use of pacing of…

This report covers the purpose, funding, services, administration, and effectiveness of 132 programs administered by the United States Department of Education during fiscal year 1990. This is the 20th annual report to the Congress on federally funded education programs and the 11th such report submitted by the Department of Education. It also…

A handbook for participants of a workshop on bilingual program evaluation is presented as part of the Bilingual Evaluation Technical Assistance project. Workshop objectives are as follows: make a schedule for evaluation management tasks; create a staffing plan; prepare a budget appropriate for the particular bilingual evaluation; develop a plan…

In its final year of funding, Project COPE provided instruction in basic skills and career development to 388 students of limited English proficiency (LEP) in grades 9 through 12 at three sites in Brooklyn and the Bronx: 150 Hispanics at John F. Kennedy High School, 150 Haitians at Prospect Heights High School, and 88 Italians at Christopher…

A leader's guide for conducting a workshop on managing bilingual program evaluations is presented as part of the Bilingual Evaluation Technical Assistance (BETA) project. After examining how to organize the workshop, the following aids are presented: a preworkshop preparation checklist, a sample room arrangement diagram, a workshop time schedule,…

The fifth year of a 5-year, federally funded project of middle school bilingual education is evaluated and related materials are presented. The program targeted students with Chinese, Korean, and Japanese as their native languages. Evaluation involved visits to six school sites, structured and unstructured interviews, review of documents and…

This report describes the purpose, funding, services, administration, and effectiveness of 145 programs administered by the U.S. Department of Education during fiscal year 1991; and briefly covers planned studies. It outlines 35 Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, 4 Office of Bilingual Education and Minority Languages Affairs, 36 Office…

An Australian study developed recommendations, policies, models, and strategies for the establishment, maintenance, and evaluation of bilingual education programs in preschool and child care centers, as either full bilingual programs or bilingual components of other programs. Results are presented here. The methodology used was to describe and…

New York's Bilingual Pupil Services program, funded by federal and city governments, promotes linguistic and academic progress among limited-English-proficient elementary school children in selected schools and provides comprehensive in-service training to bilingual paraprofessionals training to become licensed teachers. Recognition as an…