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Hsu, Nina S.; Kraemer, David J. M.; Oliver, Robyn T.; Schlichting, Margaret L.; Thompson-Schill, Sharon L. – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2011
Neuroimaging tests of sensorimotor theories of semantic memory hinge on the extent to which similar activation patterns are observed during perception and retrieval of objects or object properties. The present study was motivated by the hypothesis that some of the seeming discrepancies across studies reflect flexibility in the systems responsible…
Descriptors: Color, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Style, Context Effect
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Burnham, Bryan R.; Rozell, Cassandra A.; Kasper, Alex; Bianco, Nicole E.; Delliturri, Antony – Brain and Cognition, 2011
The present study examined a visual field asymmetry in the contingent capture of attention that was previously observed by Du and Abrams (2010). In our first experiment, color singleton distractors that matched the color of a to-be-detected target produced a stronger capture of attention when they appeared in the left visual hemifield than in the…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Spatial Ability, Eye Movements, Color
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Bob, Petr; Svetlak, Miroslav – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Recent findings indicate that neural mechanisms of consciousness are related to integration of distributed neural assemblies. This neural integration is particularly vulnerable to past stressful experiences that can lead to disintegration and dissociation of consciousness. These findings suggest that dissociation could be described as a level of…
Descriptors: Child Abuse, Brain, Neurological Organization, Neurological Impairments
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Radvansky, Gabriel A.; Gibson, Bradley S.; McNerney, M. Windy – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
In the current study, we explored the influence of synesthesia on memory for word lists. We tested 10 grapheme-color synesthetes who reported an experience of color when reading letters or words. We replicated a previous finding that memory is compromised when synesthetic color is incongruent with perceptual color. Beyond this, we found that,…
Descriptors: Semantics, Graphemes, Word Lists, Memory
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Negoro, Hideki; Sawada, Masayuki; Iida, Junzo; Ota, Toyosaku; Tanaka, Shohei; Kishimoto, Toshifumi – Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 2010
Recent developments in near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have enabled non-invasive clarification of brain functions in psychiatric disorders with measurement of hemoglobin concentrations as cerebral blood volume. Twenty medication-naive children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy control…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Spectroscopy, Brain, Diagnostic Tests
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Cruse, Damian; Wilding, Edward L. – Neuropsychologia, 2009
Although the prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays roles in episodic memory judgments, the specific processes it supports are not understood fully. Event-related potential (ERP) studies of episodic retrieval have revealed an electrophysiological modulation--the right-frontal ERP old/new effect--which is thought to reflect activity in PFC. The functional…
Descriptors: Recall (Psychology), Brain Hemisphere Functions, Diagnostic Tests, Task Analysis
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Banich, Marie T.; Burgess, Gregory C.; Depue, Brendan E.; Ruzic, Luka; Bidwell, L. Cinnamon; Hitt-Laustsen, Sena; Du, Yiping P.; Willcutt, Erik G. – Neuropsychologia, 2009
Differences in neural activation during performance on an attentionally demanding Stroop task were examined between 23 young adults with ADHD carefully selected to not be co-morbid for other psychiatric disorders and 23 matched controls. A hybrid blocked/single-trial design allowed for examination of more sustained vs. more transient aspects of…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Young Adults, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Neurological Organization
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Lien, Mei-Ching; Ruthruff, Eric; Goodin, Zachary; Remington, Roger W. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2008
Theories of attentional control are divided over whether the capture of spatial attention depends primarily on stimulus salience or is contingent on attentional control settings induced by task demands. The authors addressed this issue using the N2-posterior-contralateral (N2pc) effect, a component of the event-related brain potential thought to…
Descriptors: Cues, Attention Control, Brain, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Szucs, Denes; Soltesz, Fruzsina; Bryce, Donna; Whitebread, David – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2009
The ability to select an appropriate motor response by resolving competition among alternative responses plays a major role in cognitive performance. fMRI studies suggest that the development of this skill is related to the maturation of the frontal cortex that underlies the improvement of motor inhibition abilities. However, fMRI cannot…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Competition, Child Development, Motor Reactions