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Butler, Christopher W.; Keiser, Ashley A.; Kwapis, Janine L.; Berchtold, Nicole C.; Wall, Vanessa L.; Wood, Marcelo A.; Cotman, Carl W. – Learning & Memory, 2019
The beneficial effects of exercise on cognition are well established; however specific exercise parameters regarding the frequency and duration of physical activity that provide optimal cognitive health have not been well defined. Here, we explore the effects of the duration of exercise and sedentary periods on long-term object location memory…
Descriptors: Exercise, Cognitive Development, Physical Activities, Memory
The Long-Term Effects of Childhood Music Instruction on Intelligence and General Cognitive Abilities
Costa-Giomi, Eugenia – Update: Applications of Research in Music Education, 2015
This article reviews research on the effects of music instruction on general cognitive abilities. The review of more than 75 reports shows (1) the consistency in results pertaining to the short-term effects of music instruction on cognitive abilities and the lack of clear evidence on the long-term effects on intelligence; (2) the complex nature of…
Descriptors: Music, Music Education, Cognitive Ability, Intelligence
Anstey, Kaarin J. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2014
Optimal cognitive development is defined in this article as the highest level of cognitive function reached in each cognitive domain given a person's biological and genetic disposition, and the highest possible maintenance of cognitive function over the adult life course. Theoretical perspectives underpinning the development of a framework…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Models, Genetics, Cognitive Ability
Barkovich, A. James; Guerrini, Renzo; Kuzniecky, Ruben I.; Jackson, Graeme D.; Dobyns, William B. – Brain, 2012
Malformations of cerebral cortical development include a wide range of developmental disorders that are common causes of neurodevelopmental delay and epilepsy. In addition, study of these disorders contributes greatly to the understanding of normal brain development and its perturbations. The rapid recent evolution of molecular biology, genetics…
Descriptors: Genetics, Molecular Biology, Classification, Brain
Puk, Tom – International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 2012
Since WW2, degradation of our global natural systems has been on the increase. Much of this degradation has been communicated to the general public via mainstream media and yet human behaviours do not seem to have changed significantly as a result. It is argued in this paper that the manner in which our brains and minds work, in particular in…
Descriptors: Ecology, Brain, Cognitive Development, Science Education
Moustafa, Ahmed A.; Gluck, Mark A. – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2011
Most existing models of dopamine and learning in Parkinson disease (PD) focus on simulating the role of basal ganglia dopamine in reinforcement learning. Much data argue, however, for a critical role for prefrontal cortex (PFC) dopamine in stimulus selection in attentional learning. Here, we present a new computational model that simulates…
Descriptors: Neurology, Patients, Reinforcement, Cognitive Development
Albert, Dustin; Steinberg, Laurence – Journal of Research on Adolescence, 2011
In this article, we review the most important findings to have emerged during the past 10 years in the study of judgment and decision making (JDM) in adolescence and look ahead to possible new directions in this burgeoning area of research. Three inter-related shifts in research emphasis are of particular importance and serve to organize this…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Decision Making, Cognitive Processes, Adolescents
Edidin, Jennifer P.; Ganim, Zoe; Hunter, Scott J.; Karnik, Niranjan S. – Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 2012
Youth homelessness is a growing concern in the United States. Despite difficulties studying this population due to inconsistent definitions of what it means to be a youth and homeless, the current body of research indicates that abuse, family breakdown, and disruptive family relationships are common contributing factors to youth homelessness.…
Descriptors: Homeless People, Physical Health, Parent Child Relationship, Youth
Cleary, Michael J.; Scott, Albert J. – Journal of School Health, 2011
Background: According to the 2000 Report of the Surgeon General's Conference on Children's Mental Health, a significant percentage of children and adolescents have emotional or behavioral problems serious enough to merit a mental health diagnosis. The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 and the Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act…
Descriptors: Psychological Services, Learning Problems, Intervention, Federal Legislation
Compas, Bruce E. – New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2009
This chapter identifies four challenges to the study of the development of coping and regulation and outlines specific theoretical and empirical strategies for addressing them. The challenges are (1) to integrate work on coping and processes of emotion regulation, (2) to use the integration of research on neuro-biology and context to inform the…
Descriptors: Research Utilization, Coping, Child Development, Adolescent Development
Choudhury, Suparna; Charman, Tony; Blakemore, Sarah-Jayne – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2008
Adolescence is a time characterized by change--hormonally, physically, and mentally. We now know that some brain areas, particularly the frontal cortex, continue to develop well beyond childhood. There are two main changes with puberty. First, there is an increase in axonal myelination, which increases transmission speed. Second, there is a…
Descriptors: Brain, Puberty, Cognitive Ability, Adolescents
Henderson, Heather A.; Wachs, Theodore D. – Developmental Review, 2007
In this paper we review current definitions and measurement approaches used to assess individual differences in children's temperament. We review the neural bases of temperamental reactivity and self-regulation and propose that these constructs provide a framework for examining individual differences and developmental change in emotion-cognition…
Descriptors: Personality, Individual Differences, Emotional Development, Children
Becker, Joe – Cognitive Development, 2006
Neurological research has demonstrated that brain activity in animals originally dedicated to the production and regulation of physical activity can be decoupled from that physical activity. Furthermore, animals can use the brain activity in this new condition to achieve particular results such as moving a cursor on a screen. These findings are…
Descriptors: Physical Activities, Brain, Animals, Piagetian Theory
Nelson, Charles A.; Moulson, Margaret C.; Richmond, Jenny – Human Development, 2006
The fields of developmental psychology and developmental neuroscience have existed independently of one another for many years. This is unfortunate, as knowledge of how the brain develops can inform the study of behavioral development. In this paper, we provide two examples of how knowledge about brain development has improved our understanding of…
Descriptors: Developmental Psychology, Cognitive Development, Brain, Behavioral Sciences
Munakata, Yuko – Developmental Review, 2004
Numerous brain areas work in concert to subserve memory, with distinct memory functions relying differentially on distinct brain areas. For example, semantic memory relies heavily on posterior cortical regions, episodic memory on hippocampal regions, and working memory on prefrontal cortical regions. This article reviews relevant findings from…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Memory, Neurology, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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