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Banich, Marie T.; Wang, Kai; Kim, Hyojeong; Leopold, Daniel R.; Reineberg, Andrew E.; Thompson, Lee A.; Willcutt, Erik G.; Cutting, Laurie E.; Petrill, Stephen A. – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2023
This paper reviews three studies investigating the relationship between brain regions involved in executive control and those involved in reading comprehension in typically-developing teens. In the first study, three regions of posterior left lateral prefrontal cortex (i.e., precentral gyrus, inferior frontal junction, inferior frontal gyrus) were…
Descriptors: Correlation, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Executive Function, Reading Comprehension
Dolscheid, Sarah; Verlage, Heiko – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2019
People associate numbers and horizontal space. This association has been demonstrated by the so-called SNARC (Spatial-Numerical Association of Response Codes)-effect, with Western participants responding faster to larger numbers with their right hand and vice versa for smaller numbers. SNARC-like effects have also been reported for preschoolers.…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Numbers, Correlation, Spatial Ability
Walker, Zachary; Hale, James B.; Annabel Chen, Shen-Hsing; Poon, Kenneth – Learning: Research and Practice, 2019
The potential of educational neuroscience in teacher training and continuing professional development has been debated extensively, yet knowledge translation is largely absent in this field. Without objective methods for translating and disseminating educational neuroscience evidence, the impact of training on educators and the children they serve…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Neurosciences, Teacher Education, Educational Needs
Younger, Jessica W.; Lee, Keun-Woo; Demir-Lira, Ozlem E.; Booth, James R. – Developmental Science, 2019
Socioeconomic status (SES) has been shown to influence language skills, with children of lower SES backgrounds performing worse on language assessments compared to their higher SES peers. While there is abundant behavioral research on the effects of SES, whether there are differences in the neural mechanisms used to support language skill is less…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Phonological Awareness, Language Skills, Comparative Analysis
Lain, Stephanie – L2 Journal, 2016
Despite the number of articles devoted to the topic of content-based instruction (CBI), little attempt has been made to link the claims for CBI to research in cognitive science. In this article, I review the CBI model of foreign language (FL) instruction in the context of its close alignment with two emergent frameworks in cognitive science:…
Descriptors: Course Content, Second Language Learning, Language of Instruction, Constructivism (Learning)
Harada, Masafumi; Taki, Masako M.; Nose, Ayumi; Kubo, Hitoshi; Mori, Kenji; Nishitani, Hiromu; Matsuda, Tsuyoshi – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2011
Amino acids related to neurotransmitters and the GABAergic/glutamatergic system were measured using a 3 T-MRI instrument in 12 patients with autism and 10 normal controls. All measurements were performed in the frontal lobe (FL) and lenticular nuclei (LN) using a conventional sequence for n-acetyl aspartate (NAA) and glutamate (Glu), and the…
Descriptors: Autism, Spectroscopy, Brain, Neurological Organization
David, Nicole; Rose, Michael; Schneider, Till R.; Vogeley, Kai; Engel, Andreas K. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2010
Individuals with autism often show a fragmented way of perceiving their environment, suggesting a disorder of information integration, possibly due to disrupted communication between brain areas. We investigated thirteen individuals with high-functioning autism (HFA) and thirteen healthy controls using the metastable motion quartet, a stimulus…
Descriptors: Autism, Brain, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Behavior Disorders
Knolle, Franziska; Schroger, Erich; Baess, Pamela; Kotz, Sonja A. – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2012
Forward predictions are crucial in motor action (e.g., catching a ball, or being tickled) but may also apply to sensory or cognitive processes (e.g., listening to distorted speech or to a foreign accent). According to the "internal forward model," the cerebellum generates predictions about somatosensory consequences of movements. These predictions…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Cognitive Processes, Pronunciation, Evidence
Dujardin, Tiffanie; Etienne, Yann; Contentin, Claire; Bernard, Christian; Largy, Pierre; Mellier, Daniel; Lalonde, Robert; Rebai, Mohamed – Brain and Cognition, 2011
Adults with phonological dyslexia and controls performed a lexical decision task while ERPs were recorded in the occipitotemporal pathway. Based on N170 durations, two subgroups were formed: dysl1 showing longer N170 durations and dysl2 showing normal N170 durations. While the dysl1 subgroup had poorer accuracy for infrequent words and…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Phonology, Adults, Diagnostic Tests
Powers, Chivon; Bencic, Rachel; Horton, William S.; Beeman, Mark – Neuropsychologia, 2012
In this study we examined asymmetric semantic activation patterns as people listened to conversations and narratives that promoted causal inferences. Based on the hypothesis that understanding the unique features of conversational input may benefit from or require a modified pattern of conceptual activation during conversation, we compared…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Semantics, Priming, Speech Communication
Buckingham, Gavin; Binsted, Gordon; Carey, David P. – Brain and Cognition, 2010
When both hands perform concurrent goal-directed reaches, they become yoked to one another. To investigate the direction of this coupling (i.e., which hand is yoked to which), the temporal dynamics of bimanual reaches were compared with equivalent-amplitude unimanual reaches. These reaches were to target pairs located on either the left or right…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Handedness, Comparative Analysis
de Boysson, C.; Belleville, S.; Phillips, N. A.; Johns, E. K.; Goupil, D.; Souchay, C.; Bouchard, R.; Chertkow, H. – Brain and Cognition, 2011
The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the false recognition phenomenon in persons with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and those with Lewy-body disease (LBD). Patients with LBD (n=10) or FTD (n=15) and their corresponding controls (n=30) were subjected to the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm to induce false recognition. Patients were…
Descriptors: Dementia, Word Lists, Inhibition, Brain
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and the Flexible Modulation of Cognitive Control in Preadolescent Children
Pontifex, Matthew B.; Raine, Lauren B.; Johnson, Christopher R.; Chaddock, Laura; Voss, Michelle W.; Cohen, Neal J.; Kramer, Arthur F.; Hillman, Charles H. – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2011
The influence of cardiorespiratory fitness on the modulation of cognitive control was assessed in preadolescent children separated into higher- and lower-fit groups. Participants completed compatible and incompatible stimulus-response conditions of a modified flanker task, consisting of congruent and incongruent arrays, while ERPs and task…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Preadolescents, Physical Fitness, Cognitive Ability
Mizuno, Akiko; Liu, Yanni; Williams, Diane L.; Keller, Timothy A.; Minshew, Nancy J.; Just, Marcel Adam – Brain, 2011
Personal pronouns, such as "I" and "you", require a speaker/listener to continuously re-map their reciprocal relation to their referent, depending on who is saying the pronoun. This process, called "deictic shifting", may underlie the incorrect production of these pronouns, or "pronoun reversals", such as referring to oneself with the pronoun…
Descriptors: Form Classes (Languages), Autism, Linguistics, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Jackendoff, Ray – Language, 2011
In addition to providing an account of the empirical facts of language, a theory that aspires to account for language as a biologically based human faculty should seek a graceful integration of linguistic phenomena with what is known about other human cognitive capacities and about the character of brain computation. The present discussion note…
Descriptors: Language Aptitude, Phonology, Semantics, Syntax