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The Role of Social Presence in Learner-Centered Communicative Language Learning Using Synchronous Computer-Mediated Communication: Experimental Study
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Yamada, Masanori – Computers & Education, 2009
This study aimed to clarify the relationship between media, learners' perception of social presence, and output in communicative learning using synchronous computer-mediated communication (SCMC). In this study, we developed four types of SCMC: videoconferencing (image and voice), audioconferencing (voice but no image), text chat with image (image…
Descriptors: Computer Mediated Communication, Synchronous Communication, Educational Technology, Video Technology