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Refutation Text in Science Education: A Review of Two Decades of Research
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Tippett, Christine D. – International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2010
As people attempt to make sense of the world, they develop personal knowledge structures. These structures often contain misconceptions--inaccurate or incomplete information--that are highly resistant to change because existing knowledge networks must be restructured to accommodate counterintuitive information in a process known as conceptual…
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Cognitive Structures, Misconceptions, Resistance to Change
Assessment of the Ways Students Generate Arguments in Science Education: Current Perspectives and Recommendations for Future Directions
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Sampson, Victor; Clark, Douglas B. – Science Education, 2008
Theoretical and empirical research on argument and argumentation in science education has intensified over the last two decades. The term argument in this review refers to the artifacts that a student or a group of students create when asked to articulate and justify claims or explanations whereas the term argumentation refers to the process of…
Descriptors: Persuasive Discourse, Science Education, Student Experience, Scientific and Technical Information
Deriving and Measuring Group Knowledge Structure from Essays: The Effects of Anaphoric Reference
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Clariana, Roy B.; Wallace, Patricia E.; Godshalk, Veronica M. – Educational Technology Research and Development, 2009
Essays are an important measure of complex learning, but pronouns can confound an author's intended meaning for both readers and text analysis software. This descriptive investigation considers the effect of pronouns on a computer-based text analysis approach, "ALA-Reader," which uses students' essays as the data source for deriving individual and…
Descriptors: Sentences, Cognitive Structures, Essays, Content Analysis
How Theologizing with Children Can Work
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Buttner, Gerhard – British Journal of Religious Education, 2007
"Theologizing with children" has arisen from influences of philosophizing with children, from research in the Piagetian tradition and also from the interest of the Evangelical Church in Germany to "change to the child's perspective". It searches for the theological quality of children's remarks which are considered to be a…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Young Children, Philosophy, Figurative Language
Concept Maps in Chemistry Education.
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Regis, Alberto; Albertazzi, Pier Giorgio – Journal of Chemical Education, 1996
Describes the use of concept maps as a metacognitive tool to help chemistry teachers and learners improve teaching and learning. Concept maps were used in response to changes in the conceptions of the nature of scientific knowledge and in how learning occurs. Concept maps are valuable in documenting and exploring the restructuring of conceptual…
Descriptors: Chemistry, Cognitive Structures, Concept Mapping, Constructivism (Learning)
Age and Ethnic Variation in Children's Thinking about the Nature of Racism
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McKown, Clark – Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 2004
A content analysis of interviews with an ethnically diverse group of 202 children aged 6 to 10 describes what children think racism is, and examines associations between age, ethnicity, and children's thinking about racism. Children's narratives capture many dimensions of racism, including stereotypes, prejudice, discrimination, and ethnic…
Descriptors: Content Analysis, Racial Bias, Cognitive Structures, Children