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Testing Historical Knowledge: Standards, Multiple-Choice Questions and Student Reasoning
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Reich, Gabriel A. – Theory and Research in Social Education, 2009
This article explores the reasoning employed by high school students to answer a set of multiple-choice history questions. The questions come from New York State's Global History and Geography Regents exam. The Regents exams, together with a particularly well-regarded and ambitious set of content standards, are the cornerstone of the state's…
Descriptors: Test Items, Discipline, Protocol Analysis, State Standards
Understanding Randomness and Its Impact on Student Learning: Lessons Learned from Building the Biology Concept Inventory (BCI)
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Garvin-Doxas, Kathy; Klymkowsky, Michael W. – CBE - Life Sciences Education, 2008
While researching student assumptions for the development of the Biology Concept Inventory (BCI; http://bioliteracy.net), we found that a wide class of student difficulties in molecular and evolutionary biology appears to be based on deep-seated, and often unaddressed, misconceptions about random processes. Data were based on more than 500…
Descriptors: Molecular Biology, Misconceptions, Evolution, Scientific Concepts
Effects of a Computerized Program on Use of the Test-Taking Strategy by Secondary Students with Disabilities
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Lancaster, Paula E.; Schumaker, Jean B.; Lancaster, Sean J. C.; Deshler, Donald D. – Learning Disability Quarterly, 2009
Students with disabilities must meet many testing demands, given the current emphasis on accountability and state competency testing. The purpose of this project was to develop and field test a computerized program to teach the Test-Taking Strategy (Hughes, Schumaker, Deshler, & Mercer, 1988) to secondary-level students with disabilities. The…
Descriptors: Experimental Groups, Quasiexperimental Design, Protocol Analysis, Learning Disabilities
The Role of an Educational Learning Theory: Explaining Difficult Learning.
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Bereiter, Carl – 1989
The possibility of developing a learning theory that is designed to insure its relevance to educational problems is discussed. It is suggested that the constitutive problem for an educational psychology of learning is how one learns things that are difficult to learn. Behaviorist learning theories fail almost entirely to explain why anything is…
Descriptors: Analogy, Cognitive Psychology, Difficulty Level, Educational Psychology
Methods for Investigating the Structure of the Individual's Knowledge Base.
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Dochy, F. J. R. C.; Gorissen, V. M. J. – 1992
This report described and analyzed different methods for constructing a student's cognitive map in order to study the development and use of domain-specific prior knowledge. Cognitive maps provide accounts of student trajectories over courses and individual or group profiles of learners' strengths and weaknesses at the course or multicourse level.…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Cognitive Mapping, Distance Education, Foreign Countries
Analysis of Cognitive Demand in Selected Alternative Science Assessments. Analysis of Structures and Processes Assessed in Science. Project 2.1 Alternative Approaches to Assessment in Mathematics and Science. Cognitive Theory as the Basis for Design of Innovative Assessment.
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Baxter, Gail P.; And Others – 1993
Analyses of the cognitive activity displayed by students on existing innovative assessments in science were conducted. The project has worked with pilot alternative assessment programs in Connecticut and California to document the match or mismatch between the skills and processes that the assessment is designed to tap and those actually elicited.…
Descriptors: Alternative Assessment, Cognitive Processes, Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive Structures