The new institutionalism predicts that professionalism is a key element of organizations' ability to be seen as legitimate. Emphasizing the professionalism and formal credentials of its members lends legitimacy to the organization, protecting it from scrutiny. What happens when this norm of professionalism is absent? How do schools legitimate…

Clearly, class-size reduction has become a public-relations issue that educational leaders can use as an opportunity to communicate and gain support for all school reforms. Implications for principals include keeping the school community informed, involving teachers, knowing relevant research, and using creative class-size reduction methods.…

This paper explains that 6 million U.S. middle and high school students are in serious danger of being left behind as the nation begins to implement the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act legislation. While great attention has been paid to increasing early childhood education opportunities and ensuring that every child can read by third grade, little…