The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends 9-12 hours of sleep for children aged 6-12 years and 8-10 hours for those aged 13-18, yet only two-thirds of children meet these recommendations. This report uses 2020 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data to describe regular bedtimes, defined as going to sleep at the same time most days or…

The mission of the University of Wisconsin System is to provide Wisconsin's high school graduates with opportunities to cultivate "intellectual, cultural, and humane sensitivities, scientific, professional and technological expertise, and a sense of purpose." Further, as part of its 2020 strategic plan to meet state workforce needs, the…

This article provides, based on the author's own scholarship, the three reasons that geography at the K-12 level must include a robust dose of climate change science: (1) Climatology is a cornerstone of physical geography; (2) Climate change science bridges urban and rural geographies; and (3) Climate change science connects the natural and human…

The equitable and effective deployment of teachers is critical to achieving quality education for all. However, the uneven distribution of teachers -- both across and within schools -- contributes to significant disparities in class sizes and learning conditions. Recognizing the critical role that teachers play in learning, the Government of…

This paper examines student exposure to school shootings in the United States since the 1999 shooting at Columbine High School. We analyze shootings that occurred during school hours on a school day and resulted in a death. These shootings are likely to be uniformly reported and have a greater potential to cause harm -- either directly or…

This article presents the "Readiness for Solutions to Lower Violence Model (ReSOLV)" a model generated from Elinor Ostrom's Institutional Analysis Framework, as an alternative approach for adopting equitable and evidence-based strategies to reduce violence in schools and communities. The article explores application of the model within…

As well as high levels of teacher attrition, most countries around the world report some form of teacher recruitment crisis, exemplified by failed recruitment targets and high levels of demand for new teachers. These issues have reached crisis point in England. The impact of the controversial ITT Market Review, and subsequent accreditation process…

Prices for, and the affordability of childcare has received increased attention since the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, concerns have been raised about potential differences in childcare costs and access between rural and urban communities. To address these issues, we combine cross-sectional data from a 2018 survey of childcare…

Misconceptions regarding agricultural careers are exacerbated by increasing urbanization and are one of many differences in perspective between urban and rural communities. The One Georgia 4-H Urban-Rural Experience addresses this divide through a statewide youth exchange focusing on the agricultural sector. The program includes a multifaceted…

In the 1760s, France was the first European kingdom to formalise veterinary education. The world's first veterinary school was sponsored by Louis XV after receiving a proposal from equestrian and educator Claude Bourgelat. At the time, Bourgelat was a recognised expert on equine anatomy, medicine, and riding. The principal function of veterinary…

Space, beyond standard urban/rural divisions, plays a leading role in the diffusion of educational inequalities. In this article, using geo-localization and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), we analyze educational access (never-been-to-school and out-of-school rates at primary and secondary levels) and the impact of climate variables (aridity,…

Most students in the United States attend suburban schools. However, most education research focuses on urban school districts. This may be in part because many of the core issues that currently drive education research--issues of race and class inequities, social mobility, immigration, English learning--are believed to be "urban"…

This paper examines the impact of ethnic and racial diversity on the public's willingness to invest in public goods. Challenging the prevalent assertion that increasing diversity reduces support for investing in public goods, it argues that this relationship is substantially shaped by the context in which people live because demographic changes…

Cinema can be considered a useful tool for understanding different geographic concepts, showing physical and human factors and the interactions between them. Andres Wood's film "Football Stories" explores the Chilean territory allowing the observation of the differences between the north and south of the country. Geographic components…

Basic Science and Technology is a subject that is based on the broad field curriculum which is the foundation for science education in Nigeria at the basic level of education. Pupils learning outcomes is usually limited to the assessment of their achievement in paper pencil test. Pupils' skills in carrying out scientific investigation and the…