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Jaffe, Joshua Benjamin; Bolger, Donald Joseph – Educational Psychology Review, 2023
Arithmetic word problems are a staple in mathematical curricula yet give individuals of all ages difficulty. Successful word problem solving requires translating the problem into a symbolic arithmetic format. However, the linguistic component may make problem solving more complex and increase cognitive load, specifically the processes that…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Arithmetic, Word Problems (Mathematics), Problem Solving
Stephan E. Vogel; Bert De Smedt – npj Science of Learning, 2021
The development of numerical and arithmetic abilities constitutes a crucial cornerstone in our modern and educated societies. Difficulties to acquire these central skills can lead to severe consequences for an individual's well-being and nation's economy. In the present review, we describe our current broad understanding of the functional and…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Mathematics Skills, Numeracy, Arithmetic
Iuculano, Teresa; Moro, Raffaella; Butterworth, Brian – Learning and Individual Differences, 2011
Here we wished to determine how the sub-components of Working Memory (Phonological-Loop and Central Executive) influence children's arithmetical development. Specifically, we aimed at distinguishing between Working Memory inhibition and updating processes within the Central Executive, and the domain-specificity (words and numbers) of both…
Descriptors: Phonology, Inhibition, Short Term Memory, Arithmetic
Arithmetic Performance of Children with Cerebral Palsy: The Influence of Cognitive and Motor Factors
van Rooijen, Maaike; Verhoeven, Ludo; Smits, Dirk-Wouter; Ketelaar, Marjolijn; Becher, Jules G.; Steenbergen, Bert – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2012
Children diagnosed with cerebral palsy (CP) often show difficulties in arithmetic compared to their typically developing peers. The present study explores whether cognitive and motor variables are related to arithmetic performance of a large group of primary school children with CP. More specifically, the relative influence of non-verbal…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Structural Equation Models, Cerebral Palsy, Program Effectiveness
Oberauer, Klaus; Bialkova, Svetlana – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2009
Processing information in working memory requires selective access to a subset of working-memory contents by a focus of attention. Complex cognition often requires joint access to 2 items in working memory. How does the focus select 2 items? Two experiments with an arithmetic task and 1 with a spatial task investigate time demands for successive…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Attention, Experiments, Repetition
Golay, Philippe; Lecerf, Thierry – Psychological Assessment, 2011
According to the most widely accepted Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) model of intelligence measurement, each subtest score of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adults (3rd ed.; WAIS-III) should reflect both 1st- and 2nd-order factors (i.e., 4 or 5 broad abilities and 1 general factor). To disentangle the contribution of each factor, we applied a…
Descriptors: Adults, Intelligence Tests, Measures (Individuals), Factor Analysis
Fehr, Thorsten; Weber, Jochen; Willmes, Klaus; Herrmann, Manfred – Neuropsychologia, 2010
Prodigies are individuals with exceptional mental abilities. How is it possible that some of these people mentally calculate exponentiations with high accuracy and speed? We examined CP, a mental calculation prodigy, and a control group of 11 normal calculators for moderate mental arithmetic tasks. CP has additionally been tested for exceptionally…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Mental Computation, Short Term Memory, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Berends, Inez E.; van Lieshout, Ernest C. D. M. – Learning and Instruction, 2009
Arithmetic word problems are often presented accompanied by illustrations. The present study examined how different types of illustrations influence the speed and accuracy of performance of both good (n = 67) and poor arithmeticians (n = 63). Twenty-four arithmetic word problems were presented with four types of illustrations with increasing…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Word Problems (Mathematics), Arithmetic, Problem Solving
Andersson, Ulf – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2010
Arithmetic and cognitive skills of children with mathematical difficulties (MD-only), with comorbid reading difficulties (MD-RD), with reading difficulties (RD-only), and normally achieving children were examined at 3 points from Grades 3-4 to Grades 5-6 (age range, 9-13 years). Both MD groups displayed severe weaknesses in 4 domain-specific…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Learning Problems, Short Term Memory, Arithmetic
Egeland, Jens; Bosnes, Ole; Johansen, Hans – Assessment, 2009
Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (WAIS-III) lend partial support to the four-factor model proposed in the test manual. However, the Arithmetic subtest has been especially difficult to allocate to one factor. Using the new Norwegian WAIS-III version, we tested factor models differing in the number of…
Descriptors: Factor Analysis, Intelligence Tests, Norwegian, Factor Structure
Hecht, Steven A.; Vagi, Kevin J. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2010
Results from a 2-year longitudinal study of 181 children from 4th through 5th grade are reported. Levels of growth in children's computation, word problem, and estimation skills by means of common fractions were predicted by working memory, attentive classroom behavior, conceptual knowledge about fractions, and simple arithmetic fluency.…
Descriptors: Student Behavior, Short Term Memory, Grade 4, Grade 5
St Clair-Thompson, Helen; Stevens, Ruth; Hunt, Alexandra; Bolder, Emma – Educational Psychology, 2010
Previous research has demonstrated close relationships between working memory and children's scholastic attainment. The aim of the present study was to explore a method of improving working memory, using memory strategy training. Two hundred and fifty-four children aged five to eight years were tested on measures of the phonological loop,…
Descriptors: Educational Practices, Short Term Memory, Arithmetic, Mnemonics
Ketelsen, Kirk; Welsh, Marilyn – Brain and Cognition, 2010
The current study was designed to examine the possible existence of two limited-capacity pools of central executive resources: one each for verbal and visuospatial processing. Ninety-one college students (M age = 19.0, SD = 2.2) were administered a verbal working memory task that involved updating numbers in 2-, 3-, and 4-load conditions. The task…
Descriptors: Mental Computation, Short Term Memory, Recall (Psychology), Arithmetic
Chan, Becky Mee-yin; Ho, Connie Suk-han – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2010
This study examined how four domain-specific skills (arithmetic procedural skills, number fact retrieval, place value concept, and number sense) and two domain-general processing skills (working memory and processing speed) may account for Chinese children's mathematics learning difficulties. Children with mathematics difficulties (MD) of two age…
Descriptors: Learning Problems, Mathematics Education, Short Term Memory, Number Concepts
Witt, Marcus – Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2010
Introduction: The cognitive processes that underpin successful mathematical processing in children have been well researched by experimental psychologists, but are not widely understood among teachers of primary mathematics. This is a shame, as an understanding of these cognitive processes could be highly useful to practitioners. This paper…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Memorization, Cognitive Processes, Mathematics Skills
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