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Michel, Marije C. – Modern Language Journal, 2013
The present study explores the use of conjunctions in simple versus complex argumentative tasks performed by second language (L2) learners as a specific measure for the amount of reasoning involved in task performance. The Cognition Hypothesis (Robinson, 2005) states that an increase in cognitive task complexity promotes improvements in L2…
Descriptors: Oral Language, Second Language Learning, Linguistic Performance, Language Usage

Dromey, Christopher; Bates, Emily – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2005
Lip movements were examined across several repetitive speaking conditions (speech alone and speaking concurrently with a linguistic, cognitive, or visuomotor challenge task) in 20 young adults. Performance in these nonspeech activities was also compared between isolated tasks and concurrent speech conditions. Linguistic challenges resulted in…
Descriptors: Speech Communication, Linguistics, Young Adults, Linguistic Performance