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Castellano, Katherine E.; Rabe-Hesketh, Sophia; Skrondal, Anders – Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 2014
Investigations of the effects of schools (or teachers) on student achievement focus on either (1) individual school effects, such as value-added analyses, or (2) school-type effects, such as comparisons of charter and public schools. Controlling for school composition by including student covariates is critical for valid estimation of either kind…
Descriptors: Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Context Effect, Economics, Educational Research
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Youngs, Peter; Frank, Kenneth; Thum, Yeow Meng; Low, Mark – Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, 2012
In this chapter, the authors develop a theory to explain the effects of mentoring and induction activities on new teachers' commitment, instructional quality, and effectiveness, and they describe how utility functions can express variation in these outcomes. Then they explicate the role of three-level models (i.e., with random effects) in…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Teacher Effectiveness, Social Behavior, Testing