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Joakim Landahl – Learning, Media and Technology, 2024
This article explores the history of digital testing technology. Using an organisation that pioneered the use of international large-scale assessments -- the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) -- I discuss the role of computers, punched cards, answer cards and scanning machines as an example of…
Descriptors: Educational History, Measurement, Testing, Computer Assisted Testing
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Cox, L. Clarke – Infants and Young Children, 1988
Presented are a rationale for identifying hearing loss in infancy and a history of screening procedures. The Crib-O-Gram and auditory brainstem response (ABR) tests are evaluated for reliability, validity, and cost-effectiveness. The ABR is recommended, and fully automated ABR instrumentation, which lowers expenses for trained personnel and…
Descriptors: Automation, Biomedical Equipment, Cost Effectiveness, Data Processing