Reviews literature on alternatives to hospitalization for mentally ill. Describes mutual-help organizations which, if successful, involve individually tailored, assertive, and long-term support. Presents one mutual-help organization which has been observed for five years as an example. (Author/ABL)

The article describes postsecondary education programs in the Province of Alberta, Canada, for training individuals to work in paraprofessional and professional positions in community services for disabled children, adults, and their families. A career ladder in Rehabilitation Education provides advancement through study at the bachelor's,…

Demonstrates that following termination of treatment, there is little difference between psychiatric subjects treated in institutions and those treated in community-based alternatives. Presents a model for assessing psychiatric treatment effectiveness. Concludes that institutional and community-based alternatives should be viewed as complementary…