A discussion is presented concerning variables associated with children's representation of certain addition and subtraction problems. Problem components are classified as physical, pictorial, sensual, verbal-spoken, verbal-written, symbolic, or internal. Problems are discussed as abstract (symbolic) or nonsymbolic. Three problem components are…

This paper describes a model of student attainment of mathematical concepts and its development. In this model three types of activities (developmental, connecting, and abstract) are considered as an overlay on the three ways of representing mathematical concepts (physical/visual, oral, and symbolic). Each activity type involves some means of…

Discusses case presentation approach as mechanism for improving case conceptualization skills. Describes case presentation as dealing with three conceptualization tasks: (1) identifying and differentiating how observations and inferences provide evidence for clinical judgments; (2) describing components of counseling relationship; and (3)…

Introduces a systematic methodology for the analysis of covert or latent group talk, along with a set of operational procedures of validation. The methodology is related to analogical reasoning. (RC)

This paper provides a conceptual definition and model of self-presentational behavior. Self-presentation is defined as the attempt to control self-relevant images before real or imagined others. Several aspects of the definition are discussed along with the notion that people's self-presentations represent the choice of the most desirable images…

The term, "schema," used largely as a descriptive convenience rather than a theoretical guidepost in social psychology is examined through an analysis of its development, function, and structure. This paper articulates a model of schema development in adults by defining a schema as a representation of some stimulus domain and a set of…

Proposes the dialectical perspective as offering fertile ground for the integration of child and family research and training. Defines the dialectical perspective and then discusses its applicability in a department of child and family studies. (Author)

This paper describes the current debate over developmentally appropriate teaching practice. The paper presents the perspective of multicultural educators, who argue that developmentally appropriate practice is biased toward white, middle-class values, and the perspective of special educators, who argue that modification of developmentally…