Social security schemes need to be streamlined and the underlying policies made more coherent to obtain the fullest possible return on expenditure. Third World countries need to reflect very seriously on the role of social security in the development process and on the management problems involved. (CT)

Topics discussed include (1) establishment of a national vocational training service in Nicaragua; (2) vocational training in Senegal; (3) national vocational training week in the Ukraine; and (4) inplant training in the U.S.S.R. (SK)

The main purpose of this paper is to provide a basis for discussing issues associated with the process of "going to scale" with programs of early childhood development. "Going to Scale" programs are described as those that attempt to reach as many potential beneficiaries as possible at a regional, national, or even worldwide…

Consists of two articles focusing on internationalism in agricultural education. Articles emphasize (1) increasing involvement in international agricultural education and (2) global dimensions for postsecondary programs. (CH)

The Zanzibar Ministry of Education instituted an English reading program into all secondary schools in 1989 to raise the levels of English teaching and learning (English being the medium of instruction and testing from secondary level and beyond). The program description and conclusions include implications for program design and implementation.…

In 1987, the department of Rio San Juan was declared the first "illiteracy-free territory" in Nicaragua, since it had reduced its rate of illiteracy from 96 percent in 1979 to 3.7 percent. This regional literacy crusade was made possible by the facts that the necessary facilities had been provided; a network of consultative committees…

This paper describes the literacy education work being done by two agencies, the Swedish International Development Authority (SIDA) and the Canadian Organization for Development through Education (CODE). SIDA strives to promote economic growth, economic and social equality, economic and political independence, democratic development, the use of…

This report on the Bernard van Leer Foundation's early childhood grant program of 1986-1987 is organized by geographic region. Regional sections cover Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Europe, and the Western Hemisphere. Each regional section contains an introduction, a table of major projects being supported in the region, and feature articles on…

Applies international labor standards to results of the International Labour Office's special public works programs to discover whether program intentions have been met. Finds that while productive employment has been pursued, popular participation is not occurring and such issues as (1) forced labor, (2) child employment, and (3) inequality of…

Scouting is an expanding worldwide youth movement, with more than 16 million members in 169 countries and territories. Its goal is to contribute to the physical, intellectual, social, and spiritual development of young people. Since participation in development is one of the cornerstones of their program, scouts cannot ignore the challenge that…

Presents a model for simultaneously addressing the problems of illiteracy and the counseling requirements of the skill training programs in Third World countries. The model includes advisory committees, needs analysis, staff development and training, program assessment, and a placement and follow-up component. (KH)

The author focuses on training practices in Nigeria. Discussion centers on the general approach to management and supervisory training, with particular attention to (1) characteristics of training programs for small, medium, and large companies and (2) the procedures used to arrive at training plans and needs. Evaluation practices are also…

Provides reports of four United States scholars who visited China as part of the Visiting Scholar Exchange Program. The titles of the reports are (1) "China Journey: A Political Scientist's Look at Yan'an," (2) "The Social Consequences of Land Reclamation in Chinese Coastal Ecosystems," (3) "Anthropology Lectures in South…

The United Nations' Regional Programme for the Universalization and Renewal of Primary Education and the Eradication of Adult Illiteracy in the Arab States by the Year 2000 (ARABUPEAL) began in 1987. Among the educational problems confronting Arab States are that their educational objectives do not specifically relate to development objectives,…

Bristling with facts, this article argues that what is needed today is a strategy of integrated development to meet basic needs all across the Third World. Stop-gap techniques such as oral rehydration programs that prevent death are good, but must be augmented by policies which promote food production, clean water, education, family planning, and…