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Cognitive Development	2
Critical Thinking	2
Knowledge Level	2
Thinking Skills	2
Academic Achievement	1
Academic Standards	1
Basic Skills	1
Cognitive Processes	1
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Educational Researcher

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Cole, Nancy S.	1
Ennis, Robert H.	1

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Opinion Papers	1

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The Extent to Which Critical Thinking Is Subject-Specific: Further Clarification.

Peer reviewed

Ennis, Robert H. – Educational Researcher, 1990

Responds to John McPeck's article, "Critical Thinking and Subject Specificity: A Reply to Ennis" (May 1990), and summarizes his earlier essay. Covers the following topics: (1) versions of subject specificity; (2) vagueness; (3) the distinction between school-subject matter and the subject matter of everyday life; (4) subjects and topics;…

Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Critical Thinking, Knowledge Level

Conceptions of Educational Achievement.

Peer reviewed

Cole, Nancy S. – Educational Researcher, 1990

Discusses two conceptions of educational achievement: as mastery of basic skills and facts and as mastery of higher order skills and advanced knowledge. Explores the impact of the different conceptions on research topics, the ways teachers think about their teaching, and the public's view of educational goals. Changes in conceptions are discussed.…

Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Academic Standards, Basic Skills, Cognitive Development