Examines the language maintenance patterns of nonofficial language groups in Canada, using national census data. Reports that those born outside Canada have a greater propensity to maintain their language than the native born population, and that members of ethnic groups with a longer residence in Canada (such as Northern Europeans) tend to…

Describes the use of Arabic in the news media, worship places, and schools of Arabic-speaking immigrants to the United States in the early 1900s and in the 1980s. Predicts that Arabic usage among 1980s immigrants will follow a pattern, noted among early immigrants, in which Arabic usage gradually diminishes. (KH)